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  Motivational and regulatory instruments of valeological education

  (Харківський національний медичний університет, 2024) Shevchenko, A. S.; Shevchenko, V. V.; Shumskyi, O. L.; Brown, G. W.; Kucherenko, S. M.; Kucherenko, N. S.; Gavrylov E. V., E. V.

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  Background. The competence-based approach is a condition for the implementation of higher education in Ukraine and the world. The list of competences that must be formed in university graduates includes health-saving. But there are obstacles to fulfilling the requirements of the standards in the form of imperfect practical pedagogical realization of competence formation. Aim. To identify motivational and regulatory tools of non-medical education, the use of which is approved in the scientific-pedagogical environment, regulated by the legislation of Ukraine and effective in achieving the result of forming valeological competence, provided for by the stan-dards of higher non-medical education of Ukraine. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted using the system analysis method and the bibliosemantic method. The research is based on twenty years’ experience in forming valeo-logical competence in students of non-medical universities in the city of Kharkiv by means of teaching special valeological disciplines. The study does not describe these empirical studies, but only uses their findings. Results and Discussion. As a result of the theoretical research, it has been established that the competence principle of education is not actually implemented in higher education, and in the course of forming valeological competence in particular. This happens because of the lack of mechanisms for evaluating personal components of competences. It is proposed to consider the student’s main motivation in forming valeological competence as his/her desire to be healthy. Individual and organizational regulatory tools of valeological education are defined. They are as follows: typical curricula and textbooks for valeological education of students at non-medical universities, development of criteria for recalculating the evaluation of forming motivation and other personal components of competences for assessment in ECTS points.

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  The preventive direction of modern theories of health and health-saving in public health and education

  (Харківський національний медичний університет, 2024) Shevchenko, A. S.; Shevchenko, V. V.; Brown G.W., G. W.

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  Background. The modern understanding of health is related to the need to prevent diseases caused by infections, lifestyle, environmental and genetic factors. Ukrainian legislation guarantees health care, but the practice of implementing laws is imperfect. The teaching of valeological disciplines in educational institutions is of great importance for the prevention of diseases. But the content of these disciplines requires constant revision from the point of view of evidencebased medicine, and the creation of new preventive programs requires theoretical justification. Aim. To determine the content and practical significance of the modern understanding of health care in public health care and education. Materials and Methods. Methods of bibliosemantic and system analysis were used. Results. The theory of health and health-saving is considered using cross-cultural, discursive, norm-centric, phenomenological, holistic, axiological and integral approaches, from the perspective of evidence-based and "4P" medicine. Health-saving is shown as derived from a healthy lifestyle and valeological competence formed in the population. The best environment for the formation of a healthy lifestyle is shown to be an educational environment, the tools of formation are valeological disciplines and education of medical and social non-government organizations. The need for joint efforts of the population and medical workers to achieve better results in the prevention of socially significant diseases is determined. Conclusions. Improvement of the preventive direction of valeological education is closely related to the competence approach, in particular, with the formation of valeological competence. The public health system should use the potential of educational valeological programs to form a healthy lifestyle in new generations during their studies at higher education institutions. For the formation of high-quality valeological programs, a permanent partnership of educators and medical professionals is necessary.

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  The use of psychological and psychiatric methods in determining valeological competence formation in non-medical students of Ukraine

  (Харківський національний медичний університет, 2023) Shevchenko, A. S.; Tolstaia, T. Yu.; Shtefan, L. V.; Shevchenko, V. V.; Kucherenko, S. M.; Kucherenko, N. S.

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  Background. Valeological competence is the ability to lead a healthy lifestyle. Teaching the basics of a healthy lifestyle in higher education institutions of Ukraine is regulated by higher education standards. Valeological competence is formed in non-medical students during the teaching of valeological disciplines. At the Ukrainian Engineering Pedagogics Academy (Kharkiv) such a valeological discipline is "Health Pedagogy", at the National Technical Univer-sity "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (Kharkiv) and at the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine (Kharkiv) – "Fundamentals of Medical Knowledge and Health-Saving". Confidential questionnaires are used to assess the success of the formation of the motivational-value and per-sonal components of valeological competence, the list of questions of which allows studying the behavior patterns of non-medical students. Aim. To establish the conformity of the questions of the questionnaires, which are used to study the formation of the motivational-value and personal components of the valeological com-petence in non-medical students, to the existing psychological and psychiatric methods. Materials and Methods. The bibliosemantic method and the system analysis method were used in the study. Results. Correspondence was established between the questions used to assess the success of the formation of the motivational, value and personal components of valeological competence, with the questions of such psychological and psychiatric methods questionnaires by Rogers K. and Diamond R. (social-psychological adaptation), Boyko V.V. (level of emotional burnout), Burtyanskyi D.L. and Krystal V.V. (levels of socio-pedagogical and sexual-behavioral adaptation of a married couple or sexual partners), Navran L. (satisfaction with married life or life with a sexual partner) and the CAGE-AID screening test for alcohol and/or drug addiction. Conclusions. The questions of the questionnaires used for assess the success of the formation of the motivational-value and personal components of valeological competence in non-medical students, correspond to existing psychological and psychiatric methods, the modification of which to the needs of assessing the formation of the components of valeological competence requires further research.

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  Використання нового наповнювача при виготовленні деревинно-полімерного композиту на основі вторинного термопласту

  (Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2026) Копилов, Сергій Олександрович; Черкашина, Ганна Миколаївна; Близнюк, Олександр Вікторович; Лебедєв, Володимир Володимирович; Деріус, Денис Владиславович

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  У статті представлено результати дослідження створення деревинно-полімерного композиту на основі вторинних термопластів із використанням нового неорганічного наповнювача у вигляді подрібнених скляних відходів. Доведено, що застосування скла фракцією 40–70 мкм сприяє підвищенню адгезії між деревинним наповнювачем та полімерною матрицею, формуючи армувальну структуру з покращеними показниками міцності, твердості та зносостійкості. Показано, що вторинний поліетилен і термопластичний поліуретан у поєднанні з модифікованими деревинними частинками забезпечують формування стабільної матричної фази зі зниженою чутливістю до водо-поглинання. Отримані результати підтверджують, що використання подрібнених скляних відходів у складі деревинно-полімерного композиту є ефективним екологічним рішенням, яке дозволяє утилізувати вторинну сировину, підвищити експлуатаційні властивості композитів і розширити сфери їх застосування в будівництві та зовнішній інфраструктурі.

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  "Human factor" in emergency situations development at Nuclear Power Plants in the conditions of war

  (Харківський національний медичний університет, 2022) Shevchenko, V. V.; Shevchenko, A. S.; Kucherenko, S. M.; Kucherenko, N. S.

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  Since the beginning of Ukraine's full-scale war with the russian federation, the personnel of two Ukrainian Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) (Chornobyl and Zaporizhzhya) have been held hostage by the russian occupiers and subjected to intimidation and abuse. An additional strong stress factor can significantly affect the decision-making of NPP control panel operators, increases the proba-bility of erroneous actions in the event of emergency situations, and can even become their cause. The purpose of our study was to determine the possible influence of the "human factor" on the development of emergency situations, as well as additional parameters for monitoring the health and psychological state of NPP operators working as hostages. Fourteen expert psychologists with at least 10 years of experience in the field of extreme psychology were involved in the study. After the introductory seminar, they were offered a questionnaire to determine the range of pro-fessionally important qualities that have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of professional activity. The results of the expert evaluation became a hypothesis for the next stage of research on the possible influence of the temperament of operators on resistance to the stress of captivity. The technique of professiograms and psychograms separation, methods of scaling and balancing, methods of mathematical statistics and system analysis were used for the research. One hundred and twenty-four anonymous psychological examination cards and occupational profiles of NPP control panel operators who received a license for professional activity in Ukraine or improved their qualifications within the period of 2017‒2020 were analyzed. The predominant types of psychological reactions according to subjective-objective indicators in response to significant stressful situations were studied, and the types of temperaments were determined. The ability to perform professional functions at high and medium levels was recorded in 79 sanguine operators (63.2% of the total number of examined), in 16 choleric operators (12.8%), and was not recorded in melancholic operators. Also, high and medium levels of neuropsychological stability of oper-ators were recorded in 74 sanguine operators (59.2% of the total number of examined), in 6 chol-eric operators (4.8%), and was not recorded in melancholic operators. To assess the psychological state of NPP control panel operators, it is proposed to use a retrospective analysis of interrelated parameters necessary for the performance of professional functions and indicators of neuropsy-chological stability. The study of additional parameters of the psychological state will allow to reduce the influence of the "human factor" on the risks of creating or untimely correction of emer-gency situations.

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