Способ управления процессом ректификации с помощью распределенных управляющих воздействий

Abstract

В работе предложен способ управления процессом ректификации на основе распределенных управляющих воздействий, обеспечивающий получение дистиллята максимально возможного качества при минимальных энергозатратах. По математической модели выполнено исследование влияния распределенных управляющих воздействий на выходные параметры установки ректификации, установлена целесообразность их использования при управлении процессом. Предложенный способ управления процессом ректификации может использоваться при разработке систем оптимального управления данным процессом.The aim is the improvement of the method of managing the process of rectification based on distributed control actions to increase the quality of the final product and to improve the economic efficiency of the process. The paper presents a mathematical description of the statics of a distillation column adapted to solve the problem management. A method is developed for process control of the rectification based on distributed control actions, producing distillate is the best possible quality with minimal energy consumption. According to the mathematical model study of the influence of distributed discrete and continuous control actions on the output parameters of distillation. Analysis of the dependence of the optimal composition of the distillate from the distillate flow in the column showed that distributed discrete control action in the form of a switching point of the input of raw materials in the column provides greater management efficiency, in comparison with continuous distributed control action in the form of redistribution of the raw material into two streams. Control by switching the point of entry of raw materials into rectification column saves the coolant flow in a cube columns on the interval of flow of distillate 70 KMOL/h or more is reduced to the desired steam flow rate in the column. This leads to cost reduction of the coolant per unit of production and reduces the overall energy consumption and the cost of the rectification process. The proposed method of controlling the rectification process can be used in the development of systems of optimal control of the process.