Методика измерения сопротивления заземляющего устройства
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Дата
2010
ORCID
DOI
Науковий ступінь
Рівень дисертації
Шифр та назва спеціальності
Рада захисту
Установа захисту
Науковий керівник
Члени комітету
Видавець
НТУ "ХПИ"
Анотація
Рассмотрена трехэлектродная установка для измерения сопротивления заземляющих устройств (ЗУ) различного назначения. На основе использования системы уравнений Максвелла предложено теоретическое обоснование методики измерения сопротивления ЗУ любой конструкции в произвольной структуре грунта. Получена система уравнений шестого порядка, решение которой позволяет определить собственные и взаимные сопротивления в трехэлектродной установке с достаточно высокой точностью. Рассмотрены особенности составления расчетной схемы замещения трехэлектродной измерительной установки с сосредоточенными параметрами: собственными и взаимными сопротивлениями. Используя принцип взаимности, исключена необходимость отыскания точки нулевого потенциала, представляющего весьма трудоемкую задачу. Методика позволяет обеспечить минимально возможный разнос измерительных электродов за пределами ЗУ, что существенно уменьшает длину соединительных проводов схемы измерения и увеличивает отношение «сигнал–помехи», а также снимает ограничения по застройке территории за пределами исследуемого ЗУ.
Introduction. Measurement of resistance of the grounding device (GD) by means of a three-electrode system. This requires not only the right choice of installation locations of measuring electrodes, but also the determination of the point of zero potential. Implementation of these requirements quite timeconsuming, and in some cases impossible. Aim. Develop a new technique for measuring the electrical resistance of the GD. Task. The method of measuring the resistance of the GD with the help of a three-electrode setup is necessary to exclude the determination of the point of zero potential. Method. Mathematical modeling and calculation engine. Results. A threeelectrode system for measuring the resistance of grounding devices (GD) for various purposes is considered. On the basis of Maxwell equations a theoretical substantiation of a new technique for measuring the resistance of any GD of any construction in random soil structure has been proposed. An equation system of the sixth order has been obtained, its solution makes it possible to measure its own mutual resistance in the threeelectrode installation with sufficiently high accuracy. Peculiarities of drawing up a calculation scheme of substitution of a three-electrode installation with lumped parameters: self and mutual impedance. Use of the principle of reciprocity eliminates the need of finding a point of zero potential which is a rather difficult task. The technique allows to minimize the spacing of measuring electrodes outside the GD, which substantially reduces the length of wiring of the measurement circuit and increases the «signal-to-interference» ratio and also removes the restrictions on the development of the territory outside the GD being tested. Conclusion. The procedure allows to evaluate the self and mutual impedance grounding all the electrodes in a three-electrode measuring installation of the grounding resistance of the device without finding the point of zero potential
Introduction. Measurement of resistance of the grounding device (GD) by means of a three-electrode system. This requires not only the right choice of installation locations of measuring electrodes, but also the determination of the point of zero potential. Implementation of these requirements quite timeconsuming, and in some cases impossible. Aim. Develop a new technique for measuring the electrical resistance of the GD. Task. The method of measuring the resistance of the GD with the help of a three-electrode setup is necessary to exclude the determination of the point of zero potential. Method. Mathematical modeling and calculation engine. Results. A threeelectrode system for measuring the resistance of grounding devices (GD) for various purposes is considered. On the basis of Maxwell equations a theoretical substantiation of a new technique for measuring the resistance of any GD of any construction in random soil structure has been proposed. An equation system of the sixth order has been obtained, its solution makes it possible to measure its own mutual resistance in the threeelectrode installation with sufficiently high accuracy. Peculiarities of drawing up a calculation scheme of substitution of a three-electrode installation with lumped parameters: self and mutual impedance. Use of the principle of reciprocity eliminates the need of finding a point of zero potential which is a rather difficult task. The technique allows to minimize the spacing of measuring electrodes outside the GD, which substantially reduces the length of wiring of the measurement circuit and increases the «signal-to-interference» ratio and also removes the restrictions on the development of the territory outside the GD being tested. Conclusion. The procedure allows to evaluate the self and mutual impedance grounding all the electrodes in a three-electrode measuring installation of the grounding resistance of the device without finding the point of zero potential
Опис
Ключові слова
трехэлектродная установка, измерительные электроды, минимальный разнос, методика, схема замещения, resistance measurement, three-electrode installation, technique of measuring, substitution circuit
Бібліографічний опис
Нижевский И. В. Методика измерения сопротивления заземляющего устройства / И. В. Нижевский, В. И. Нижевский // Електротехніка і Електромеханіка = Electrical engineering & Electromechanics. – 2016. – № 3. – С. 50-57.