Снижение радоноопасности хранилищ радиоактивных отходов

Abstract

The paper describes a method for determining the values of the radon-222 volumetric activity in the atmospheric air of radioactive waste storage facilities, taking into account the characteristics of their closed and open type. The method takes into account the fact that for the assessment of the radon danger of closed-type storage facilities, direct measurements of the radon activity volumetric activity using radonometers are used. Accurate determination of the values of the volumetric activity of radon-222 in open air storages is difficult because of the need to take into account the influence of many meteorological factors. Using special mathematical models, it is possible to predict changes in the volume concentration of radon with variations in the influencing factors. In any case, the primary source for such a forecast will be the values of the radon-222 flux density from its surface (exhalation), Bq/m2s. Therefore, in the approach to assessing the radon danger of open repositories, the definition of radon eschalization from various sites comes to the first place. Naturally, more hazardous areas will be more dangerous. In the present work, the radon hazard of the objects under study was estimated by the values of the radon activity volume in the atmospheric air of the closed type storages and by the radon flux density (eschaklation) from the surface of the open type tailing dump. The work proposed technical measures that will improve the environmental safety of these repositories