Інформаційна сутність відносин власності

Abstract

У статті досліджується інформаційна сутність відносин власності та їх місце в економічній системі. Економіка розглядається як комунікаційна система, а відносини власності - як її основний структуроутворюючий фактор, що визначає види зв’язків та характер елементів системи, структуру системи та закони її розвитку. Інформаційна сутність власності розкривається у її визначенні як сукупності даних, інституційно оформлених у правові норми режиму доступу до обмежених ресурсів або благ, які сприймаються економічними суб'єктами і перетворюються у відповідну інформацію. Звертається увага на роль поділу праці у виникненні асиметрії інформації. Аналізується структура категорії «власність» з точки зору інформаційного характеру її складових. Визначається інформаційний характер специфікації прав власності.The article investigates the information essence of property relations and their place in the economic system. The economy is seen as a communication system, and property relations – as its main structural factor. It is determined that ties in the economic system are a certain restriction on the freedom of action of related parties, so the types of ties that are specific to each economic system should be determined by the main structural factor, which is the dominant form of ownership. The dominant form of ownership also determines the nature of the elements of the system (primarily, decision-makers), the type of structure of the system and the laws of its development. The informational essence of property is revealed in its definition as a set of data, institutionalized in the legal norms of the regime of access to limited resources or goods, which are perceived by economic entities and converted into relevant information. The role of property relations formation in the process of maturation of the commodity economy is noted. The process of formation of the commodity economy is considered as the development of communications between economic entities. Your attention is paid to the role of division of labor in the emergence of information asymmetry. The process of buying and selling goods is seen as a process of changing the owner not only of the material essence of the goods, but also its legal and informational essence. The article indicates the determining effect of information factors in the formation of the value of goods for the buyer and the compilation of the market price. In particular, attention is drawn to the fact that the exchange process generates a number of contradictions, the main of which is the contradiction between the information request of the buyer and the seller’s information proposal, which in turn consists of information about the abstract value of goods and information about its specific consumer characteristics. Thus, in the process of exchange there are embryos of information asymmetry. The structure of the category “property” is analyzed in terms of the informational nature of its components (subject, object and relations in two aspects – between subject and object and between subjects about the object). The informational character of the specification of property rights is determined as an exact definition not only of the subject of property, but also of its object, as well as the way of endowing it. The author emphasis on the need for a clear specification of property relations as the basis for the stability of the economic environment and the condition of dynamic economic development.