Кафедра "Підйомно-транспортні машини і обладнання"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/3845

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/ltm

Кафедра "Підйомно-транспортні машини і обладнання" заснована у 1929 році. Першим її очільником став професор Тамарін Д. Н.

Курс "Теорія і будова підйомних машин" в Харківському практичному технологічному інституті викладався ще з 1888 року Вадимом Ерастовичем Тіром.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту механічної інженерії і транспорту Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють 7 кандидатів технічних наук, з них 5 мають звання доцента.

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The controllability function method
(University politehnica of Bucharest, 2016) Okun, A. O.; Los, Y.
The paper is devoted to the control problem for the movement of an overhead crane with the use of a dynamic model in the form of "trolley - cargo" mechanical system and the driving force as a control parameter. To solve the system of differential equations, which describe the movement of the system taking into account constraints for the control, the controllability function method is applied. The algorithm for solving the problem is described, a program is developed as well as difficulties, which occur while implementing the method, and ways of its solution are marked. Results of constructing the control and system trajectories are also provided as an example of the program work.
Crane wheels production quality control
(University of Miskolc, 2014) Grigorov, Otto; Gubskiy, Serhy; Okun, Anton
Quality control of crane wheels is an important part for support of crane mechanisms permanent operation. Normal functioning of logistics systems requires preventing of crane downtimes and delays. The research results of the impact of the crane wheels (710 mm diameter, 65Г steel) surface hardness on coercivity indicators are presented in this paper. Obtained research results of dependence between the coercivity indicators and the crane wheels rolling surface hardness for their use in practice are described. The influence of the crane wheels surface hardness on the coercivity indicators is researched. Research has shown the dependence of the coercive force from the regulatory crane wheels rolling surface hardness, which is received after a quenching. This research allows you to use obtained results for a quality control of the crane wheels quenching in the production process, a rapid control of the crane wheels at the expert examination.
Ensuring the reliability and performance criterias of crankshafts
(Polish Technical Diagnostics Society, 2019) Kotliar, Alexey; Gasanov, Magomediemin; Basova, Yevheniia; Panamariova, Olga; Gubskyi, Sergii
The issues of efficiency improvement of manufacturing crankshafts in order to ensure their reliability and performance criteria are the priorities in modern production of internal combustion engines. Using the capabilities of modern special grinding machines can improve the quality of machining and obtain the necessary running characteristics of crankshafts. In work the questions connected with development of a method of calculation of rigidity of crankshafts for increase of accuracy of their machining, reliability and performance criteria’s are considered. Based on the proposed methodology, numerical calculations have performed and the possibility of determining the deflections and crankshafts rigidity in any section have been justified. The original construction of the following grinding steady rest for CNC grinding machines specified for machining the crankshaft main bearing journal and connecting rod journal is proposed. The construction design of the device allows for compensating the influence of the cutting force on the elastic strain of the part, depending on the change in its rigidity. The practical value of the research includes in develop recommendations for determining the optimal parameters for the round infeed grinding cycle of the crank pins from the point of view of productivity and accuracy.
An experimental study of the efficiency of optimal control for lifting machines
(University politehnica of Bucharest, 2019) Grigorov, Otto; Strizhak, Vsevolod; Strizhak, Marjana; Okun, Anton; Anishchenko, Galina
The article is devoted to the synthesis of optimal speed performance control, in which the Pontryagin maximum principle and the phase-plane method are used to search for switching points of the relay control function. A crane trolley model and computer control system, able to implement the automatic movement of the trolley according to the optimal laws, were developed. The conducted experimental study allowed us to establish that the operating cycle of the traveling mechanism can be reduced by 1.5-3.1 times using optimal speed performance control.
Improving power efficiency of pneumatic logistic complex actuators through selection of a rational scheme of their control
(PC Tесhnology сеntеr, 2018) Krytikov, G. A.; Strizhak, M. G.; Strizhak, V. V.
The work addresses solving important problems that occur when using pneumatic actuators, namely energy saving and expanding the scope of its use by covering the zone of large inertial loads at a constant maintenance of the actuator's operability. A rational structure of the pneumatic actuator based on a change in the structure of commutation links was determined. It ensures the following advantages over a discrete actuator: – an optimal form of the transient and high braking effect in the PA which are achieved by simultaneous pressure growth in the exhaust chamber and pressure differential in the working chamber up to ensuring a constant negative pressure differential at which a constant negative acceleration during braking takes place; – in the braking phase, not only transit working capacity but also potential energy of expansion of the compressed air in the working chamber is used; – the compressed air from the braking chamber is not irrevocably transformed into thermal energy but is returned to the feed line through the opened return valve (recuperation mode is realized); – the compressed air consumption for fixing the piston in the final position is significantly reduced; – due to the minimum pressure рk in the exhaust chamber at the initial moment of the piston motion, nonproductive work of ejection of the compressed air from the exhaust chamber is substantially reduced. Thus, the complex nature of reducing nonproductive energy inputs creates an energy saving effect that makes it possible to reduce energy inputs by 4–10 times in the rational scope of use of this actuator (χ<0.2 and β<2). The engineering procedure for solving the basic problem of functional and cost analysis was demonstrated on a specific numerical example: comparison of lump sum and operational costs in making a decision on the expediency of use of the new solution in practice.
Improving the energy efficiency of container stack assemblydisassembly operations at container terminal yard
(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2024) Kovalenko, Valentyn; Turchyn, Olha; Alieksieiev, Volodymyr; Stryzhak, Vsevolod; Strelkov, Maksym; Poliakov, Oleksii
Container storage in the yard decouples fluctuating incoming and outgoing container flows on container terminals and is an important element of the terminal process chain. The efficiency of handling operations in storage area, such as stacking and extraction of containers, has a significant influence on the overall terminal performance. In this respect, optimization of these processes, such as minimization of numerous unproductive movements of surrounding containers, which impede their immediate accessibility, is of particular interest. The relevant problems are well developed in mathematical terms. Optimizing algorithms mainly involve the use of heuristic/hyper-heuristic rules. However, only a small amount of this work focuses on the energy aspect of this problem. This article focuses on the most general approaches to minimizing energy consumption in container stacking operations. The performed analysis of energy consumption of the yard RTG crane for different working movements showed the prevalence of energy consumption when lifting containers. In this regard, attention is drawn to the importance of including in the optimization analysis in addition to the process of retrieving containers from the stack - the process of stack formation. Minimizing the level of the stack's center of gravity just before disassembling can be considered as a goal. Due to the complexity of the problem, an attempt to simplify the rules of container placement is made, taking into account some features of the energy approach. A possible generalized version of the arrangement scheme and the rule of removal of all containers are considered.
Increase of operating reliability of the travel wheel using the use of the elastic inserts
(Scientific Route OÜ, Estonia, 2020) Fidrovska, Nataliia; Slepuzhnikov, Evgen; Larin, Oleksiy; Varchenko, Ivan; Lipovyi, Voloymyr; Afanasenko, Kostiantyn; Harbuz, Serhii
The aim of research is to substantiate the rational design of the travel wheel based on the determination of the dynamic forces arising from the movement of the freight carriage and the crane bridge. The research methodology is based on analytical methods for studying dynamic forces in the mechanism of movement of the cargo carriage of an overhead crane. The obtained solution of the three-mass dynamic scheme of the movement of the freight carriage. To verify the theoretical data obtained, an experiment was carried out on an overhead crane with a lifting capacity of 5, span of 22.5 m, lifting height of 8 m, operating mode of 7 K. The study of the vibration state was carried out on the crane beam in the middle of the span, on the axis of the driven wheel of the crane trolley with an elastic insert and on the axis of the drive wheel of the crane trolley of a conventional design. Crane wheels are the fastest wearing parts of a crane. A decrease in their durability leads to an increase in repair costs and crane downtime. Therefore, increasing the durability of crane travel wheels is an urgent task of modern crane construction. All designs of travel wheels are quite rigid and do not perceive shocks and distortions arising from the deviation of the rail track from the recommended values and lead to significant wear of the flanges and rails. The analysis of the obtained solutions showed that when using a travel wheel with an elastic insert, the dynamic factors during the movement of the freight carriage decrease. Dependences are obtained for determining the dynamic forces arising from the movement of the travel crane wheel, taking into account the rigidity of the elastic ring, which is installed in the travel wheel. The analysis of the regularities of the formation of vibration signs at different points of the overhead crane structure is carried out. The proposed design and calculation method for a travel wheel with an elastic insert improves its operational reliability.
Increasing the energy efficiency of cranes by improving control systems
(2023) Strelkov, Maksym; Turlakova, Natalya
The thesis is devoted to the development of the innovative strategy for energy efficiency increasing The goal of the research work is searching and testing control systems for hoisting cranes. It is a very important theme in Ukraine and even all over the world. Natural resources are limited, so humanity must realize how to use them more effectively. In order to ensure maximum effect the practical experience should be combined with the theoretical research.
Integrated Approach to Determine Operational Integrity of Crane Metal Structure
(Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2019) Gubskyi, Sergii; Yepifanov, Vitalii; Chukhlib, Vitalij; Basova, Yevheniia; Okun, Anton; Ivanova, Maryna; Panamariova, Olga
One of the elements limiting the crane life cycle and affecting the safety of its operation is a metal structure. Currently, there is no single scientifically-based approach to assess the operational integrity of crane metal structures. The paper deals with issues related to the development of an integrated approach to determine the operational integrity of crane metal structures, based on a combination of numerical methods of calculation (the finite element method and boundary states calculation) and magnetic coercive non-destructive control. The research of the influence of the metal chemical composition, its microstructure and the controlled elements thickness on coercive force values have been carried out. In order to take into account these parameters, it is suggested to use certificated experimental samples with variable cross sections. The practical value of the research is to apply the integrated approach that will eliminate the disadvantages of a separate method, complement these methods, increase the objectivity and accuracy of determining the operational integrity of crane metal structures.
Motion of cranes of bridge type simulation in the MS Excel environment
(University of Miskolc, 2014) Grigorov, Otto; Stepochkina, Olga
The idle times of the crane caused by need of replacement of wheels, can have critical value for functioning of a logistic chain. In article the task about the movement of the crane with a skew with the accounting of several mutually influencing processes having various nature is considered. The solution of this task has important applied value for increase in a resource of wheels. For the crane designs, more varied, a known problem is representation of results in a suitable form for engineering calculations, as a compromise between simplicity and quality of the results. Possible solution is modelling in the environment of MS Excel. This approach allows the best way to provide the necessary engineering calculations for simplicity, clarity and reliability of the submission and processing of a large number of heterogeneous data. As an example, modelling of an elastic skeleton of the crane in dynamics that represents complexity in view of lack of specialized mathematical apparatus is considered.
Preparation of tensoresistors and measuring equipment for experimental research
(Global Science Center LP, 2020) Fidrovska, N.; Slepuzhnikov, E.; Varchenko, I.
Conducting experimental research by tensometry is a very important issue in real time. But for such a study it is necessary to calibrate the strain gauges. Calibration must be performed to identify the functional relationship between the load acting on the test piece and the output signal of the equipment.
Realization of energy-saving control modes on cranes of great load-carrying capacity
(University of Petrosani, 2010) Grygorov, О. V.; Zaytsev, Y. I.; Svirgun, V. P.; Srtyzhak, V. V.
Saving energy is highly important for all types of lifting machinery. Research shows that it is possible to reduce energy consumption in mechanism drives at all stages of movement. Energy-saving control has already been implemented on cranes at the Dnister Hydroaccumulating Power Plant. The article describes the conditions and results of the implementation
Remaining life definition of crane metal construction on value of coercive forces
(University of Petrosani, 2012) Grigorov, O. V.; Gubskiy, S. O.; Strizhak, V. V.; Okun, A. O.
In this work, the condition definition of bridge crane metal construction and prognostication of its remaining life on the basis of nondestructive control method by using coercive forces is presented. Basic approaches and performance stages of the magnetic control for the purpose of metal condition definition and remaining life of its work are considered
Remote control of hydrostatic drive mechanisms for hoisting machinery and logistics centers
(University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 2015) Grigorov, Otto; Stryzhak, Vsevolod; Ziubanova, Daria
The analysis of the crane or loader travel mechanism construction with hydrostatic drive and low-moment hydraulic motor has been performed. It has been proposed that the electric circuit of pump performance remote control system that meets the requirements applicable to the crane drives control system. The zero-setter design has been developed for hydraulic drive emergency braking in case of an emergency, while the bridge runover on the obstacle when travel limit switches of the traveling mechanism triggered , and also the electric drive motor of the pump and electric control scheme of pump productivity loses power. The hydraulic circuit of the lifting machines mechanism is presented and its operating principle is described. Implementation and testing of remote control system elements are implemented on the travel mechanism experimental stand of the crane with a lifting capacity of 32/5 t that is described in the article.The stand design allows to provide long-term trials in a wide range of static and dynamic loads, to realize implement typical operation cycles and to record the nature of dynamic loads and energy consumption. In consequence of the research it was proved that hydrostatic drive with low-moment hydraulic drive and described remote control system has deep adjustable speed for a given program, softens dynamic load transients, and saves a significant amount of power during acceleration and braking.
Resistance to movement of crane wheels
(2020) Slepuzhnikov, Evgen; Varchenko, Ivan; Fidrovska, Nataliia
Ways of considering thickness metal on indicators coercive force
(Miskolci Egyetem, 2012) Grigorov, O. V.; Gubsky, S. O.; Okun, A. O.
The article is devoted to the existing methods of solving the problem of under-performance coercive force obtained by Structuroscopes type KРM-ЦК-2M, with increasing thickness of the metal elements controlled. Conclusions on the basis of research and planned future research directions
Академічна доброчесність як складова внутрішньої системи забезпечення якості освіти у ЗВО
(Оберіг, 2020) Рубашка, Володимир Петрович; Черненко, Юлія Юріївна
Анализ энергетических характеристик ударных пневмоагрегатов со встроенным резервуаром
(НТУ "ХПИ", 2014) Атаманов, Ю. Л.; Крутиков, Геннадий Анатольевич; Стрижак, Марьяна Георгиевна
Викладена методика і результати аналізу енергетичних характеристик ударного ПА, що дозволяють виявити основні джерела непродуктивних енерговитрат і визначити в просторі безрозмірних критеріїв динамічної подоби область, що забезпечує найбільш ефективну реалізацію працездатності стисненого повітря.
Аналіз безступінчастих двопотокових гідрооб’ємно-механічних тракторних трансмісій: вибір і обґрунтування перспективних схем
(НТУ "ХПІ", 2012) Самородов, Вадим Борисович; Григоров, Отто Володимирович; Бондаренко, Анатолій Ігорович
Систематизовано основні закономірності розподілу кінематичних, силових та енергетичних параметрів гідрооб’ємно-механічних трансмісій, що працюють за схемами “диференціал на вході” та “диференціал на виході”, вибрано та проаналізовано перспективні схеми.
Аналіз жорсткості кронштейну палетного стелажу
(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2022) Рубашка, Володимир Петрович; Кузьміна, К. Ю.; Кузнецов, О. Е.