Кафедра "Хімічна технологія неорганічних речовин, каталізу та екології"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7534

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/xtnv

Кафедра "Хімічна технологія неорганічних речовин каталізу і екології" є першою хімічною кафедрою НТУ "ХПІ". Вона є спадкоємицею кафедри технології мінеральних речовин, пізніше – кафедра технології неорганічних речовин, першим завідувачем якої був Валерій Олександрович Геміліан, а в 1911-1931 роках – дійсний член Академії наук, академік Єго́р Іва́нович Орлов.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту хімічних технологій та інженерії Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут". У 2014 році професори кафедри Олексій Якович Лобойко та Григорій Іванович Гринь отримали Державну премію України в галузі науки і техніки за роботу "Нові каталізатори та гетерогенно-каталітичні процеси: розвиток наукових основ та використання в хімії, нафтохімії та енергетиці".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 2 доктора та 2 кандидата технічних наук; 2 співробітника мають звання професора, 4 – доцента.

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Design of the modified oxide-nickel electrode with improved electrical characteristics
(Технологический центр, 2017) Sincheskul, Alexander; Pancheva, Hanna; Loboichenko, Valentyna; Avina, Svetlana; Khrystych, Olena; Pilipenko, Alexei
The influence of lithium hydroxide was examined on the characteristic features of charge and discharge and electrical parameters of the sintered oxide-nickel electrode in a solution of potassium hydroxide. It is shown that the introduction of LiON to the composition of electrolyte does not lead to a change in the specificity of charge and discharge processes of the electrode. The experimental work conducted allowed us to establish dependences that connect the magnitude of analytical concentration of the Li⁺ ions to specific capacity and capacity output of the electrode. The results obtained show that an increase in the content of Li⁺ ions in the electrolyte from 1 to 100 g·l⁻¹ causes a growth of the electrode’s specific capacity from 0.79 (А·h)·cm⁻² to 1.84 (А·h)·cm⁻². It is optimal to introduce LiOH to the electrolyte in the amount of 30‒50 g·l⁻¹. It was established that the magnitude of specific capacity of the oxide-nickel electrode depends on the number of charge-discharge cycles and increases with an increase in the number, which is related to the slow character of the course of mass transfer processes in the volume of active mass of the electrode.
Establishing the patterns in the formation of oxide films on the alloy Ti6Al4V in carbonic acid solutions
(Технологический центр, 2018) Ivashchenko, Maryna; Smirnova, Olha; Kyselova, Svitlana; Avina, Svetlana; Sincheskul, Alexander; Pilipenko, Alexei
This paper reports results of studying the features of the formation of thin interference-colored oxide films on the alloy Ti6Al4V alloy in solutions of carboxylic acids. It has been established that a change in voltage on the cell corresponding to the molding dependence of the alloy depends on the anodic current density. At current densities <0.5 A∙dm⁻², a continuous oxide film is not formed at the alloy surface and the assigned voltage value is not reached. An increase in current density to values higher than 0.5 A∙dm⁻² predetermines a linear change in voltage over time with followed by reaching the assigned magnitude U. The maximum film thickness for these conditions is defined by the voltage magnitude and does not depend on the electrolysis mode. Color of the oxide film is defined by the specified value for the molding voltage and does not depend on current density, nature and concentration of carboxylic acid. A match between the molding dependences of oxidation obtained in different electrolytes suggests that the formation of oxide proceeds in line with the same mechanism. The obtained data are explained by the fact that the formation of oxide under the galvanic static mode takes place under conditions of the presence of a constant potential gradient in the oxide film. An increase in the voltage magnitude applied to the cell predetermines a proportional increase in the maximum oxide thickness, since it leads to an increase in the amount of electricity passed through the cell and a corresponding increase in the mass of the oxidized metal. Results of the study into determining the effect of the nature of carboxylic acid on the formation process of an oxide film on the alloy Ti6Al4V using the method of electrochemical oxidation have demonstrated that the nature of the electrolyte does not affect the characteristics of its formation. The obtained data allow us to suggest that the choice of an electrolyte for the development of a technology for electrochemical oxidation of titanium implants should be based on the results of studying the functional properties of the obtained coatings.
High temperature co-shift conversion catalyst
(АРТек, 2017) Sincheskul, O. L.; Butenko, A. M.; Kobziev, O. V.; Loboyko, V. O.
The investigation of fixed nitrogen catalytic processes for technologies of dual-purpose materials production
(Львівська політехніка, 2017) Tovazhnyansky, L. L.; Loboiko, O.; Gryn, G.; Ved, V.; Perevertaylenko, O.; Slabun, I.
The paper is dedicated to investigation of fixed nitrogen catalytic processes and related technologies of dual-purpose materials production. The appropriated technologies of ammonia, nitric acid methanol production are considered. The development of novel axial-radial part of ammonia reactor with high-effective special plate heat exchanger is considered too.
Nanocatalyst of gas purification from nitrogen oxides
(АРТек, 2017) Vekshin, V. O.; Abramova, L. P.; Kobziev, O. V.; Sincheskul, O. L.; Loboyko, V. O.
Processing of low-grade rock phosphate into complex fertilizers
(Украинский государственный химико-технологический университет, 2017) Savenkov, A. S.; Bilohur, I. S.
Radioprotective cement for long-term storage of nuclear waste
(Український державний хіміко-технологічний університет, 2020) Kustov, M. V.; Kalugin, V. D.; Deineka, V. V.; Shabanova, G. M.; Korohodska, A. M.; Slepuzhnikov, E. D.; Deineka, D. M.
To enhance the service safety of the geological repositories which are intended for a highly long-term storage of nuclear waste, we proposed coating the walls of repositories with a hermetically sealed radiation-resistant material. To this end, the compounds of a fourcomponent system CaO–BaO–Fe₂O₃–SiO₂ were suggested. Based on these compounds, we developed the technology for the production of special polyfunctional corrosion-resistant cements that can be used for the production of extra strong radiation-protective and corrosion–resistant plugging cements. The thermodynamic analysis revealed probable phase equilibriums and enabled the tetrahedration of the system at the synthesis temperature of 1200 ⁰C, which allowed minimizing the volume of required thermodynamic calculations. The processes of hydration of calcium-barium ferrosilicate cement were investigated. It was established that barium hydrosilicates and calcium and barium hydroferrites of a different basicity are the main hydration products; this provides high strength properties of the cement stone. The obtained materials are cements with a high strength (the compressive strength of 58.9 MPa), enhanced protective and corrosion-resistant properties (the calculated mass absorption coefficient and sulfate-resistance factor being equal to 247 cm²/g and 1.31, respectively). The protective concretes with different fillers, which were fabricated based on the developed cements, have a high strength (ultimate compressive strength of 58.4 MPa), a low level of softening in the temperature range of 20–1200 ⁰C (from 15 to 19%). They can be used at the service temperature of up to 1200 ⁰C.
Research into platinum-based tailings derived from a recovery boiler of the production of nitric acid and its preparation for the extraction of platinum group metals
(Украинский государственный химико-технологический университет, 2018) Avina, S. I.; Loboyko, O. Y.; Markova, N. B.; Sincheskul, O. L.; Bahrova, I. V.
The paper deals with the characterization of platinum-based tailings derived from a recovery boiler of the production of nitric acid. The composition of the tailings was determined and the calcination process was investigated in order to improve the extraction of platinum group metals (PGM) into concentrate. According to the results of the research, the size of the majority (81.6%) of particles of the tailings is less than 0.1 mm. The results of X-ray diffraction and laser mass-spectral analyses indicate that the tailings contain 7.82 wt.% of platinum, 1.56 wt.% of palladium and 0.09 wt.% of rhodium. It also contains carbon and ferromagnetic iron. It is shown that magnetic separation used as a preparatory stage allows extracting about 20 wt.% of ferromagnetic iron from platinum-based tailings of nitric acid production. The influence of various technological parameters on calcination of PGM tailings from recovery boiler was investigated in the temperature range of 1023 to 1173 K. The largest mass loss of the tailings is up to 9 wt.% at 1123 K during 60 min of calcination. X-ray structural analysis of calcinated samples of PMG tailings from recovery boiler of nitric acid production revealed that palladium oxide decomposes and carbon is burned out in the course of calcination. The mass loss of carbon is 1.34 wt.% during 60 min of the heat treatment. It was found out that calcination leads to cracking of PGM which improves extracting process of platinum-based tailings of nitric acid production.
Sorption characteristics studies of eco-friendly polymer composites
(EDP Sciences, 2021) Lebedev, Vladimir; Tykhomyrova, Tetiana Sergiivna; Lytvynenko, Oleksandr; Grekova, Alla; Avina, Svitlana
This paper presents the results of new composite materials based on polylactide and coffee grounds sorption characteristics study. New material, that include coffee grounds as additive material is cheaper than one of common polylactide. All types of dishes cam be made from new material and they also will be biodegradable, as made from polylactide. The sorption properties and characteristics were tested in different liquid medium. The last was chosen among the most wide spread mediums which are contact with dishes during its operational life. It was found, that optimal content of coffee grounds is 40 wt.% as for level of impact strength also for complex of sorption characteristics
Study into the influence of concentration of ions of chlorine and temperature of circulating water on the corrosion stability of carbon steel and cast iron
(Технологический центр, 2017) Pancheva, Hanna; Reznichenko, Ganna; Miroshnichenko, Nataliya; Sincheskul, Alexander; Pilipenko, Alexei; Loboichenko, Valentyna
The impact of the chloride ions concentration and the temperature of the circulating water on the process of corrosion destruction of carbon steel and cast iron has been investigated. It has been shown that an increase in the concentration of chloride ions causes a shift in the values of the stationary potentials of steel and cast iron to the region of negative values and reduces the passive state of these alloys. This leads to an increase in the corrosion rate of St.3 steel and CI 18-36 cast iron. The results of electrochemical studies have shown that the more reliable protective films are formed on steel than on cast iron. The limiting concentration of NaCl, at which reliable operation of equipment made from these alloys is possible, depends on the pH of the solution. At pH=7, it is about 1.2 g l⁻¹, which is about an order of magnitude less than at pH=12. When the circulating water temperature rises, the corrosion rate of steel and cast iron increases. The stationary potentials of steel and cast iron are shifted to the negative range, and the polarization of the anode process decreases. Corrosion process is limited by the rate of oxygen supply to the cathode areas.
Studying the photocatalytic oxidation of hydroxybenzene in aquatic medium on the photocatalizers SnO₂, ZnO, TiO₂
(Технологический центр, 2018) Deineka, D. M.; Kobziev, Oleksandr; Avina, Svitlana; Grin, Svitlana; Deyneka, Viktoriya; Taraduda, Dmytro; Sobina, Vitaliy
This paper reports results of research into photocatalytic activity of oxides SnO₂, ZnO, TiO₂ in the process of hydroxybenzene degradation in an aqueous medium with the separately considered properties of the allotrope modifications of titanium oxide (IV): anatase and rutile. The relationship has been substantiated between a decrease in the value for the width of the restricted area and an increase in the photocatalytic activity of the examined oxides. The effect has been established of the organization of agitation on an increase in the degree of hydroxybenzene degradation in an aqueous medium, which is 10‒15 % on average. We have studied the influence of ratio of anatase to rutile in a photocatalyst on the hydroxybenzene degradation efficiency. It has been shown that the results obtained in the course of the study are consistent with data from the scientific literature, while opening up additional possibilities to increase the degree of hydroxybenzene oxidation in a joint application of anatase and rutile. It was established that the greatest degree of oxidation with and without agitation at an irradiation time of 60 minutes can be achieved at the content ratio of anatase to rutile of 75/25 % and is 23 % and 37 %, respectively. The use of such a composition makes it possible to increase the degree of hydroxybenzene oxidation in an aqueous medium by 11‒18 %, which is 1.5‒1.9 times larger in comparison with pure rutile and anatase. The results obtained led to the conclusion on that in order to reduce the time required to achieve the maximal indicators for the process of hydroxybenzene degradation, it is necessary to increase the ratio of the irradiated surface to the height of the device and to increase the Re number of the agitation process. Based on the obtained experimental data, we have established the optimum composition of a photocatalyst, which makes it possible to reach the maximal degree of hydroxybenzene recovery from solution.
Urea phosphate as a component of complex NPCa fertilizers
(ТОВ "Твори", 2021) Vetsner, Yu. I.
Абсорбция оксидов азота водой, активированной посредством эффекта кавитации
(НТУ "ХПИ", 2010) Мороз, Н. А.; Ворожбиян, М. И.; Лобойко, Алексей Яковлевич; Маркова, Наталья Борисовна; Багдасарян, В. С.
Приведенные результаты исследований по определению эффективности влияния кавитированной воды на степень переработки оксидов азота в азотную кислоту. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о позитивном влиянии кавитированной обработки воды на процесс кислотообразования в промышленной абсорбционной колонне производства азотной кислоты.
Анализ образования N₂O в процессе окисления аммиака на платине с использованием математической модели
(Національний технічний університет України "Київський політехнічний інститут ім. Ігоря Сікорського", 2014) Близнюк, Ольга Николаевна; Савенков, Анатолий Сергеевич; Кузнецов, П. В.; Масалитина, Наталья Юрьевна
Проведен анализ образования N₂O и предложена кинетическая модель процесса окисления аммиака до NO на катализаторе на основе металлов платиновой группы с учетом образования N₂O, H₂O, N₂ и физико-химических свойств аммиачно-воздушной смеси и нитрозного газа, которую можно рекомендовать для расчетов реакторов окисления аммиака.
Анализ основных причин загрязнения окружающей среды в производстве искусственных алмазов
(Белгородская государственная технологическая академия строительных материалов, 2002) Семенов, Евгений Александрович; Ковальчук, Олег Анатольевич; Синицкая, Aнна Mихайловна; Гринь, Григорий Иванович; Козуб, Павел Анатольевич
В работе проведен анализ основных причин загрязнения окружающей среды в производстве искусственных алмазов. Анализ показал необходимость внесения существенных изменений в технологическую схему обогащения полупродукта.
Анализ потерь платины в производстве неконцентрированной азотной кислоты
(НТУ "ХПИ", 2008) Авина, Светлана Ивановна; Гончаров, И. И.; Бондаренко, Л. Н.; Плуганова, О. И.
В статті розглянуто процес отримання неконцентрованої азотної кислоти методом окиснення аміаку киснем повітря. Приведено дані (пробіг платиноїдного каталізатора, його втрати, ступінь конверсії аміаку, навантаження по аміаку), щодо роботи платиноїдного каталізатора в цеху азотної кислоти. Наведено розподілення втрат металів платинової групи по апаратам агрегату УКЛ-7.
Анализ процесса модифицирования каталитических систем Ag/носитель получения метаналя
(НТУ "ХПИ", 2007) Отводенко, С. Э.; Бутенко, Анатолий Николаевич; Савенков, Анатолий Сергеевич; Суворин, А. В.
В статті проведено аналіз математичної моделі модифікування срібних каталізаторів Ag/носій технології формальдегіду, зроблено висновок, що швидкість необоротної дезактивації срібних каталізаторів знаходиться у прямій залежності від температури процесу та значення модуля пружності металів.
Анализ твердофазных реакций в системе СоО – ВаО – Al₂O₃
(НТУ "ХПИ", 2016) Костыркин, Олег Владимирович; Шабанова, Галина Николаевна; Логвинков, Сергей Михайлович; Цапко, Наталия Сергеевна; Гамова, Ольга Александровна
В статье произведен аналитический обзор вопроса о защите человека от вредного воздействия электромагнитного излучения. Предложена возможность получения специальных вяжущих материалов, защищающих от ЭМИ на основе системы СоО – ВаО – Al₂O₃. Произведен анализ твердофазных процессов, протекающих в системе СоО – ВаО – Al₂O₃ с учетом всех стабильных двухфазных комбинаций. Приводится полное субсолидусное строение, а также геометро-топологическая характеристика системы и ее фаз. Обоснован выбор области системы для получения специальных вяжущих материалов с защитными свойствами от ЭМИ.
Анализ термодинамических характеристик способов восстановления никеля из вторичного сырья
(Технологический центр, 2012) Юрченко, Анна Александровна; Бутенко, Анатолий Николаевич; Лобойко, Вячеслав Алексеевич; Кобзев, Александр Викторович
Рассчитаны термодинамические характеристики комплекса химических реакций, которые составляют конкретные способы получения никеля из вторичного сырья. Приводятся выводы, которые важны для выбора лучшего способа с целью его дальнейшего внедрения в производство. Предложены технологические условия проведения химических реакций, составляющих выбранный способ.
Аналіз даних і рекомендації щодо визначення константи рівноваги конверсії со водяною парою і витратних коефіцієнтів виробництва аміаку
(Одеський національний політехнічний університет, 2013) Слабун, Іван Олександрович; Товажнянський, Леонід Леонідович; Маршала, Володимир Анатолійович
Проведений аналіз значень константи рівноваги конверсії СО водяною парою Кp1, визначеною за різними джерелами. Для розрахунку Кp1 обґрунтовано використання рівняння Тьомкіна М.І. Витратні коефіцієнти виробництва аміаку по РПГ та ТПГ, розраховані з використанням значень Кp1, визначеної за рівняннями Тьомкіна М.І. і Kjer J., рівняннями апроксимації табличних даних Семенова В.П. та даних Wagman D., відрізняються не більше як на 0,1 %.