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Документ Электромагнитная совместимость полупроводниковых приборов технических средств в условиях воздействия внешнего электромагнитного излучения(Национальный технический университет "Харьковский политехнический институт", 2019) Князев, Владимир Владимирович; Кравченко, Владимир Иванович; Яковенко, Игорь ВладимировичВ работе предложена физическая модель возникновения обратимых отказов полупроводниковых диодов (влияния наведенных электромагнитным излучением (ЭМИ) токов на вольт-амперные характеристики приборов). Данная модель базируется на механизме преобразования энергии, наведенной внешним ЭМИ токов в энергию собственных электромагнитных колебаний твердотельных комплектующих радио изделий (эффекте переходного излучения). Обоснована постановка экспериментальных исследований на базе предложенной физической модели обратимых отказов(появления областей вольт-амперных характеристик полупроводниковых диодов с отрицательным сопротивлением). Определены области параметров внешнего электромагнитного излучения и полупроводниковых приборов, при которых реализуется данная физическая модель. Проведены экспериментальные исследования влияния импульсного электромагнитного излучения на вольт-амперные характеристики участков прямого тока диодов. Они показали наличие участков с отрицательным дифференциальным сопротивлением, характеризующие режим генерации собственных колебаний (увеличение прямого тока при падении напряжения). Результаты сравнительного анализа, полученных в настоящей работе экспериментальных и расчетных данных, позволяют использовать предложенную физическую модель обратимых отказов, а полученные на ее основе расчетные соотношения могут служить основой для определения критериев возникновения и количественных характеристик обратимых отказов полупроводниковых диодов в условиях воздействия на них импульсного электромагнитного излучения.Документ Electromagnetic compatibility of semiconductor structures with a two-dimensional electron layer(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019) Kravchenko, Volodymyr; Knyazev, Volodymyr; Serkov, Aleksandr; Breslavets, Vitaliy; Yakovenko, IgorThe subject matter is the mechanisms of interaction of the flow of charged particles with the surface plasmons of a two-dimensional electron layer (2D) due to the action of external pulsed electromagnetic radiation (EMP).The aim is obtaining design relations that determine to what degree the instabilities of natural vibrationsof a two-dimensional electronic layer of a semiconductor structure may influence the performance of semiconductor devices. The objectives area model of occurrence of reversible failures of radio products arising from the transformation of energy of currents induced by external pulsed radiation to excite electrostatic oscillations of a two-dimensional electronic layer of semiconductor structures. The methodsused areanalytical methods for solving electrodynamics (Maxwell) equations and material equations in the framework of kinetic approach. The following resultshave been obtained: The mechanisms of interaction of the flow of charged particles with the natural electromagnetic vibrations of a two-dimensional electron gas occurring due to the presence of a potential barrier at the interface have been studied. Investigations of functioning of semiconductor components of radio products (structures with two-dimensional electron gas) under the influence of strong pulsed electromagnetic fields have been carried out. A kinetic equation describing the change in thenumber of electromagnetic oscillations of such a system has been obtained. The solution of the equation has been found, which allows determining the influence of the barrier on the instability increment of surface vibrations as well as the contributions of the transmitted and reflected components of the particle flux to the increment. Equations for the increment of instabilitie sallow us to determine the energy loss of the induced currents on the excitation of natural oscillations i.e. the emergence of a mode of oscillation generation, which is characterized by a change in the volt-ampere characteristics of radio devices. Conclusion. A comparative analysis of the instabilities of vibrations of structures with a two-dimensional electron gas has been carried out under conditions when the interaction of waves and particles is randomand deterministic. It is shown that the differences in the expressions for increments are associated with a change in the size of the region of interaction of waves and particles. Differences in the influence of the potential barrier on the increment are established in cases where the interaction of surface plasmons and charged particles is determined or has the character of random collisions. The mechanisms of the influence of the boundary on the interaction of surface electromagnetic waves and electrons in the presence of a potential barrier are determined. I ntrinsic electromagnetic oscillations of a two-dimensional electron layer are taken as research objects. The results obtained in the work can be used to assess the operability of electronic equipment in millimeter and submillimeter ranges under the influence of pulsed electromagnetic fields.Документ Electromagnetic compatibility of semiconductor devices exposed to transitionradiation(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019) Knyazev, Volodymyr; Serkov, Aleksandr; Breslavets, Vitaliy; Yakovenko, IgorThe subject of the paper is an analysis and a physical model of the occurrence of reversible failures in semiconductor diodes (when current-voltage characteristics of the devices are influenced by electromagnetic radiation (EMR)). The model is based on the mechanism with which the energy of currents induced by external EMR is converted into the energy of natural electromagnetic oscillations of solid-state components of radio units (transition radiationeffect).The aim of the paper is to justify experimental studies on the basis of the proposed physical model of reversible failures (occurrence of negative resistance sections in current-voltage curve of semiconductor diodes). We determined external electromagnetic radiation and semiconductor device parameter ranges with which this physical modelcan be applied. We conductedsome experiments to study the influence of pulsed electromagnetic radiation on the current-voltage characteristics of direct current diode sections. The experiments justified the presence of areas with negative differential resistance characteristic for the natural oscillation generation mode (an increase in forward current when the voltage drops).Our objectives are to perform experimental study of interactions betweenthe currents induced by external EMR and electrostatic oscillations of a semiconductor structure. Such interactionsresults from conversion of energy of moving charges (induced currents) into energy of electromagnetic oscillations under conditions of transition radiation when the particle flux goes along the normal to asemiconductor structure boundary. The methodsused areanalytical methods, i.e.solving Maxwell's equations and medium equations in the framework of the hydrodynamic approach. The followingresults wereobtained. Experimental studies of behavior of semiconductor components of electrical radio units exposed to strong pulsed electromagnetic fields have been carried out. The nature of changes in the performance of semiconductor components has been studied. It has been shown that the impactof pulsed electromagnetic radiation is accompanied by currents in the conductive elements of the units. We define here a certain type of reversible failures of semiconductor radio units. Failures of this type occur due to interaction between the external radiation inducedcurrents and own fields of radio equipment components. Such failures occurs in presence of transition radiation (when the current is directed along the normal to the boundary of the unit). Wearguethat suchinteractionslead to energy losses ininduced currents due to excitation of natural oscillations in the units, i.e. the units enters an oscillation generation mode, which is characterized by a change in the current-voltagecharacteristics of radio devices. With the results of comparative analysis of the experimental and calculated data obtained in this work,it is possible to use the proposed physical model of reversible failures and calculated derived relationships to determine criteria of occurrence and quantitative characteristics of reversible failures insemiconductor diodes exposed topulsed electromagnetic radiation (occurrence of S-shaped sections of direct current). Conclusion.The results obtained can be used to assess electromagnetic compatibility of active electronic devices (millimeter/submillimeter amplifiers, generators and transducers of electromagnetic oscillations) exposed toexternal pulsed electromagnetic fields. A comparative analysis of quantitative estimates of reversible failures of semiconductor devices depending on the spatial configuration of the affectingfield (the induced current is normal to the structure boundary) allows us to solve the problem of optimizing the degree of distortion inthe perating characteristics of these devices.