2021 № 4 Інтегровані технології та енергозбереження

In the present article importance of adsorptive purification of vegetable oils is shown as the most responsible technological stage. Insufficiency of scientific developments in the scope of domestic sorbents in Ukraine is pointed out. The phytosorbent with nanotubes from sunflower peel improving some quality parameters of non-refined sunflower and soybean oils to standard values for refined oils has been offered. Some literature data on the main characteristics of a number of sorption materials (carbonaceous, natural, fibrous, and sorbents obtained from agricultural waste - Corylus avellana Lambert nuts) as a result of heat treatment are analyzed. The main sorption properties are considered; dignity; limitations. The effect of temperature on the productivity of pyrolysis of plant raw materials and the properties of the resulting carbonizates in the temperature range 150-600 °C was investigated. The duration of exposure of materials at the final temperature of the process in all experiments was the same and amounted to 1 h. Analysis of the experimental data allows us to conclude that temperature is the main factor affecting the process of carbonization of the initial plant material. Regardless of the pyrolysis atmosphere, the yield of the product from plant raw materials decreases with a significant increase in temperature. At present, the main raw material for the industrial production of adsorbents is in many studies organic substances - wood, fossil coal, peat, remnants of the processing of agricultural raw materials due to their low cost and large amount. Solving the problem of creating sorbents based on plant raw materials with the inclusion of hydrated fullerenes in their composition solved the problem of creating sorbents and environmental problems, since the waste did not always find a useful application. Concentration of water solution of hydrated C60, fast C60FWS, є molecular-coloidal systems and spherical fractal clusters, structural unit of which is micro-hydrophilic, high-hydrophilic supramolecular complex, molecules can be folded to fit into ) 24-hydration of fullerene C60 (C60HyFn). The hydrated cultivation is set in its own well-ordered, structurally heterogeneous watery middle, in which the directness and kinetics of chemical processes are seen in such, that it is necessary to be washed in order to clean.

2021 № 4 Інтегровані технології та енергозбереження

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