Вісник № 01. Гідравлічні машини та гідроагрегати

The work processes that occur in the chambers of a double-tube hydraulic shock absorber during its operation are considered, such as the flow of working fluid through the piston valve, which is caused by the pressure difference between the working chambers. When the working fluid was flowing in the valve-throttle tract, in throttle operation, where only calibrated holes are used, hydrodynamic cavitation was poorly developed, which corresponds to a piston speed of about 0,25 m/s. It should be noted that when operating in a valve mode of operation, when the liquid flows through the open valves, at critical and close to critical operating modes of the hydraulic shock absorber, developed hydrodynamic cavitation occurs. In this regard, the operating characteristic changes, due to the occurrence of a two-phase flow, which is due to the presence of air, which leads to a decrease in the resistance force and a deterioration in the efficiency of vibration damping by a hydraulic shock absorber. To ensure the expansion of the range of effective operation, the operating modes were precise in which hydrodynamic cavitation occurs. One of the effective methods for fixing the occurrence of hydrodynamic cavitation is the visualization of working processes in the chambers of a hydraulic shock absorber. An experimental stand was developed and a prototype was manufactured made it possible to carry out the necessary experimental studies and establish the operating modes and the depth of the occurrence of cavitation. The study of the piston valve operation by visualizing the flow in the "rebound" mode made it possible to obtain the dependences of the flow rate on the Reynolds number and temperature, presented in the pressure range of 1–4 MPa. The experimental study also takes into account the change in the viscosity of the liquid in the temperature range from 20 °C to 50 °C. The results of the experimental study showed the weakest elements of the piston valve, and their analysis made it possible to determine the critical parameters at which hydrodynamic cavitation occurs in the shock absorber. Research in the future will make it possible to modernize the design of the valve-throttle tract to prevent the premature occurrence of hydrodynamic cavitation, taking into account changes in the viscosity of the working fluid and operating conditions. As a result of expanding the range of effective operation and the development of a control law for the conductivity of the throttles, taking into account cavitation phenomena and changes in the rheological properties of the hydraulic shock absorber fluid, it will be possible to develop a technical solution that will significantly improve the efficiency of vibration damping and stabilize its performance.

Вісник № 01. Гідравлічні машини та гідроагрегати

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