Класифікація і оцінка ефективності функціонування систем теплопостачання

Abstract

In the paper the term of heating systems efficiency was defined. The term’s classification by level, type, direction, value index and subject was presented. The basic achievements and literature on the efficiency of district heating was studied. It was noted that the subject of the research topic is devoted to economical and technical problems of the heating system efficiency. But estimation methods of other efficiency types, particularly social one, are insufficiently studied. The components of the annual economic effect, investment and operating costs were considered. In the capital costs only three components are counted: capital expenditures on heating networks, subscriber systems and thermal insulation. Four components are taken into consideration in the operating costs: fuel cost; the cost of pumping heat carrier; the annual cost of heat loss by heat conductors; the cost of annual deductions from capital investments in restoration of assets, capital and current repairs. Social effectiveness can be assessed by using the indicator inverse to economic efficiency. Technological efficiency is evaluated by complex indexes such as power efficiency, reliability of heating, quality of services and ecofriendlyness of heating. Budgetary efficiency is considered as increasing of sum of budget tax profits.