Изнашивание вторичных структур поверхностных слоёв, образуемых присадками на поверхностях трения

Abstract

На основании современных трибологических источников предлагается аналитический обзор путей решения проблемы выбора по строению, свойствам и составу вторичных структур тонких поверхностных слоёв трибосопряжений определённого смазочного материала, который соответствует конкретным условиям эксплуатации. Систематизированы требования для нахождения пороговых значений результата совместного действия тепловых и механических нагрузок, когда поверхностные слои трущихся тел становятся химически и каталитически активными, что есть необходимым для интенсификации процессов образования эффективного химически модифицированного слоя.On the basis of up-to-date tribology sources the analytical review of the ways to resolve the problem of choice accounting for the structure, property and composition secondary structures of superficial layers in the tribounits of an oil material appropriate for the specific conditions of maintenance is pre-sented. The requirements are systematised for determining the threshold values for the outcome of joint action of thermal and mechanical load when the friction surfaces become chemically and catalytically active that is needed for the intensification of an effective chemically modified layer formation processes. Because of cooperating of the superficial layers activated by a friction with (lubricating) an environment on the surfaces of friction secondary structures which on a structure appear spontaneously, it is radically differed properties and composition from pre-product and are a new phase, possessing extreme antifriction and antiwear properties. In secondary structures accumulated 90-98 % energies of friction. In the certain range of speeds, loading and temperatures ("range of structural adaptability") coefficients of friction and wear in oftentimes below, than outside this range (a "normal" wear is carried out), and after his limits, passing is carried out to the mode of "pathological wear". It is explained by that in the range of structural adaptability processes of education and destruction of secondary structures on the surfaces of friction are in a dynamic equilibrium, and out of this range there is violation of this equilibrium, that conduces to passing either to the intensive adhesion wear or to the intensive corrosive-mechanical wear.