Раздача трубчатых заготовок в постоянном магнитном поле

Abstract

Приведены результаты штамповки раздачей в постоянном магнитном поле индукцией до 1,15 Тл трубчатых цилиндрических заготовок из аустенитной стали 12Х18Н10Т, меди М3, алюминия АД0. Раздачей в магнитном поле достигнуто снижение силы деформации и увеличение предельной степени формоизменения. Для стали 12Х18Н10Т снижение усилия раздачи составило 11-19 %, для меди М3 – 5-16 %, для алюминия АД0 – до 19 %. Деформируемость металла увеличилась на 4-8 %. Описано оборудование для штамповки в магнитном поле. Описаны значения индукции магнитного поля между сердечниками катушек электромагнита в воздушном зазоре различной формы.

A positive effect of the magnetic field on the deformability of nonmagnetic metals is known as a magnetoplastic effect. The developed technology introduces this effect to the metal stamping process. The results of expanding of tubing stock from austenitic steel 12Х18Н10Т, copper М3, aluminum АD0 are presented in a constant magnetic field by induction to 1,15 T. A decrease in the force of deformation and an increase in the limiting degree of deformation are achieved in the expanding in a magnetic field. For 12Х18Н10Т steel, the decline of the strain energy was 11-19 %, for M3 copper 5-16 %, for aluminum AD0 – up to 19 %. The deformability of the metal increased by 4-8 %. The ability of metals to forming of expanding depends on their strain resistance. The change of the strain resistance during expanding in a magnetic field is a function that depends on the force of the magnetic field and the degree of deformation. This dependence is presented in the form of a linear equation, where for a fixed value o f the induction of 1,15 T the variable is the degree of deformation. The equipment for stamping in a magnetic field is described. The metal is deformed by pr essing in the gap between the cores of the electromagnet coils. The values of the magnetic field induction between the cores of the electromagnet coils in the air-gap clearance of various shapes are described.