Прогнозирование и перспективы диссипативной структуры в керамических материалах

Abstract

Обсуждаются аспекты упрочнения керамических материалов за счет наноструктурирования фазового состава непосредственно в обжиге при достижении температуры сопряжения твердофазных реакций. Рассматриваются перспективы нанодисперсного упрочнения межфазных границ, при котором равномерность распределения дисперсной фазы регулируется собственно самоорганизующимся характером протекания твердофазных взаимодействий.As the main reasons for the formation of dissipative structures considered pairing solid-exchange reactions. In this case, the term "conjugate" refers to the state of the reaction system at a certain value of the external parameter (temperature), when at the same time ensures the thermodynamic condition of equality of the Gibbs free energy change of solid state reactions of exchange and kinetic condition of equality of the velocities of these reactions (steady state). At a temperature pairing of the material with equal probability is present all reactants and all products are solid-state interactions that are at the nanoscale level, and have a higher degree of combinatorial possibilities of the organization of the structural elements. Generated principles of dissipative structures in ceramic materials from the standpoint of heat resistance, the effect of nanostructuring directly to the heat treatment time, the thermal conductivity anisotropy, high temperature hardening. The characteristic experimental results of studies demonstrating the future prospects of the development of appropriate technologies and supporting the competitiveness of ceramic materials with dissipative structure.