Перспективы применения преобразователей частоты на основе автономных инверторов тока для ветроэнергетики

Abstract

Проведен анализ тенденций в ветроэнергетике в мире и Украине. Приведена сравнительная характеристика основных видов ветроэнергетических установок. Приведена сравнительная характеристика преобразователей частоты на основе автономных инверторов напряжения и автономных инверторов тока для ветроэнергетических установок. Проведен анализ существующих технических решений на основе автономных инверторов тока для ветроэнергетики и предложены меры по их усовершенствованию. Приведено сравнение силовых полупроводниковых приборов для инверторов тока и предложены конструктивные решения по размещению преобразователей в ветряной турбине.

An analysis was performed concerned trends in wind power industry in the world and in Ukraine. A comparison of types of wind turbines on the base of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG), permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), electrically exited synchronous generators (EESG) and squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG) was given. SCIGs have good perspectives for application in wind industry. A comparison of frequency converters on the base of voltage source inverters (VSI) and current source inverters (CSI) in operation on the grid and on the generator was performed. CSI has some advantages comparing to VSI. An analysis of existing technical decisions on the base of current source inverters for wind power was performed and proposals for their improvement was proposed. Current decisions have a row of problems caused by low switching frequency. Increasing of switching frequency in the inverter causes reduction of inductance of a choke in DC-link and capacitance of a filter on the grid side. This allows to reduce DC-link power, shift in regulation of reactive power in the grid, increase dynamic performance of the inverter and simplify its control. RB-IGBT allows higher switching frequency than SGCT and open possibilities for practical application of CSI in wind industry. New design of a wind tower with installation of the converter on the platforms in the bottom of the tower allows increase reliability of the wind turbine.