Кафедра "Загальна та неорганічна хімія"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7445

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/onch

Від 1948 року, коли кафедра неорганічної хімії злилася з кафедрою загальної хімії, кафедра має назву "Загальна та неорганічна хімія".

Від дня заснування Харківського Технологічного інституту в 1885 році загальноосвітні відділи хімії були представлені однією кафедрою хімії, в яку входили лабораторії неорганічної, органічної і аналітичної хімії. Прикладні хімічні науки читали професор Валерій Олександрович Геміліан, Олександр Павлович Лідов та ін. До 1912 року кафедру очолював професор Іван Павлович Осипов (1855-1918). У 1918 році кафедра хімії розділилася на кафедри неорганічної, органічної, аналітичної і фізичної хімії. Від 1925 року кафедри неорганічної та аналітичної хімії об’єдналися в одну кафедру. У 1930 році, при організації Хіміко-технологічного інституту, кафедра неорганічної та аналітичної хімії продовжувала свою роботу в тому ж складі аж до 1948 року.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту хімічних технологій та інженерії Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 1 доктор технічних наук, 7 кандидатів наук: 4 – технічних, 2 – хімічних, 1– історичних; 6 співробітників мають звання доцента.

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Corrosion properties of galvanic Fe–Mo(W), Fe–Mo–W coatings
(Науково-технологічний комплекс "Інститут монокристалів", 2019) Ved, M. V.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Karakurkchi, A. V.; Pershina, K. D.; Yermolenko, I. Yu.
The methods of analysis of polarization dependences, the electrode impedance spectroscopy and gravimetry were used for the investigation of the corrosion properties of galvanic binary Fe–Mo(W) and ternary Fe–Mo–W coatings in the media of a different acidity. It was shown that the corrosion rate of Fe–Mo–W and Fe–Mo(W) alloys is decreased with an increase in the pH of the solutions and with the enrichment of the alloys by doping refractory components. The dependence of the control of corrosion process on the composition of electrolytic alloys has been specified. It was established that the corrosion resistance of binary alloys is 1.1 to 1.5 orders of magnitude higher in comparison with the parameters of substrate materials, in particular the mild steel. The corrosion resistance indices for the coatings applied using the ternary Fe–Mo–W alloys substantially prevail over those for mild steel, individual metals and binary Fe–Mo and Fe–W coatings. The corrosion resistance of Fe–Mo–W system is equal to 8300 Ohm·cm² and it is conditioned by the formation of the two-component layer film consisting of molybdenum oxides and tungsten oxides. Using the data of gravimetric investigations we constructed the diagrams "the corrosion depth index kh, mm/year – the composition" for the Fe–Mo–W system that allow us to define the metal content ratio for Fe–Mo(W), Fe–Mo–W alloys in order to provide an appropriate corrosion resistance depending on service conditions.
Effect of Electrodeposition Parameters on the Composition and Surface Topography of Nanostructured Coatings by Tungsten with Iron and Cobalt
(Institute of Combustion Problems, Kazakhstan, 2020) Yar-Mukhamedova, G. Sh.; Ved, M. V.; Yermolenko, I. Yu.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Karakurkchi, A. V.; Kemelzhanova, A.
The electrodeposition of binary and ternary coatings Fe-W and Fe-Co-W from mono ligand citrate electrolyte has been investigated. The Fe-Co-W coatings were formed from electrolytes, which composition differs in the ratio of the concentrations of the alloying components and the ligand content. The investigation results indicate a competitive reduction of iron, cobalt and tungsten, the nature of which depends both on the ratio of electrolyte components, and electrolysis parameters. The effect of both current density amplitude and pulse on off time on quality, composition and surface morphology of the galvanic alloys was determined. Coatings deposited on a direct current with a density of more than 6.5 A/dm², crack and peel off from the substrate due to the inclusion of Fe (III) compounds containing hydroxide anions. The use of non-stationary electrolysis allows us to extend the working range of current density to 8.0 A/dm² and form electrolytic coatings of sufficient quality with significant current efficiency and the content of the refractory component. The presence of the Co₇W₆, Fe₇W₆, α-Fe, and Fe3C phases detected in the Fe-Co-W deposits reflects the competition between the alloying metals reducing from hetero-nuclear complexes. The surface of binary and ternary coatings is characterized by the presence of spherical agglomerates and is more developed in comparison with steel substrate. The parameters Ra and Rq for electrolytic alloy Fe-W are of 0.1, for Fe-Co-W are 0.3, which exceeds the performance of a polished steel substrate (Ra = 0.007 and Rq = 0.010). These properties prospect such alloys as a multifunctional layer are associated with structural features, surface morphology, and phase composition.
Nanoscale oxide PEO-coatings forming from pyrophosphate electrolytes
(Ivan Franko National University, 2016) Sakhnenko, N. D.; Karakurkchi, A. V.; Ved, M. V.; Gorohivskiy, A. S.; Galak, A. V.
Effect of Doping Metals on the Structure of PEO Coatings on Titanium
(2018) Sakhnenko, N. D.; Ved, M. V.; Karakurkchi, A. V.
The structure and properties of the oxide films formed on titanium alloys by means of plasma-electrolytic oxidizing in alkali electrolytes based on pyrophosphates, borates, or acetates of alkali metals with the addition of dopants’ oxides or oxoanions of varying composition have been studied. Anodic polarization in the spark discharge (microarc) mode at application of interelectrode potential 90 to 160V has been used to obtain mixed-oxide systems TiOₓ·WOᵧ, TiOₓ ·MoOᵧ, TiOₓ ·ZrO₂, and TiOₓ ·V₂O₅. The possibility to obtain the oxide layers containing the alloying elements by the modification of the composition of electrolytes has been stated. The chemical and phase composition as well as the topography, the microstructure, and the grain size of the formed layers depend on the applied current, interelectrode voltage, and the layer chemical composition. The effect of formed films composition on the resistance of titanium to corrosion has been discussed. Catalytic activity of mixed-oxide systems was determined in the model reaction of methyl orange dye MO photodestruction.
Research of the peculiarities of plasma-electrolytic treatment of AK12M2MgN piston alloy with formation of ceramic-like coatings
(Полтавская государственная аграрная академия, 2018) Karakurkchi, A. V.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Ved, M. V.; Parsadanov, I. V.
Досліджено особливості плазмово-електролітичної обробки (ПЕО) поршневого силуміну АК12М2МгН у лужних електролітах з формуванням допованих манганом та кобальтом керамікоподібних покривів. Показано, що морфологія та склад оксидних покривів залежать від типу використовуваного електроліту. Визначено технологічні параметри ПЕО-обробки поршневого силуміну для формування рівномірних покривів із високим вмістом допантів. Запропоновані системи можуть знайти застосування в технологіях внутрішньоциліндрового каталізу з метою зниження токсичності газових викидів двигунів та підвищення їх паливної економічності.
Synthesis of catalytic cobalt-containing coatings on alloy AL25 surface by plasma electrolytic oxidation
(Інститут хімії поверхні ім. О. О. Чуйка НАН України, 2017) Ved, M. V.; Karakurkchi, A. V.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Gorohivskiy, A. S.
The study aims at the investigation of the influence of electrolyte composition and plasma electrolytic oxidation modes on the composition and morphology of a mixed aluminum and cobalt oxides at the AL25 alloy. Composition, morphology and surface roughness of the oxide systems are examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray analysis and atomicforce microscopy. Mixed oxide coatings Al₂O₃·CoOₓ formed from the diphosphate electrolytes at various concentration ratio diphosphate/cobalt sulfate contain cobalt of 8-30 at. % (in terms of metal) in the matrix of alumina. Plasma electrolytic oxidation in a two-stage mode of the incident power provided formation of strongly adhered coatings characterized by non-stoichiometry ratio of cobalt and oxygen as well aslow content of silicon in deposits. Obtained mixed oxide systems have developed surface with alternating the spheroid and torus-shaped structures which is associated with a large number of catalytic sites. They exhibit catalyticbehavior in the model reactions of CO conversion to CO₂ and benzene oxidation not inferior to the contacts with noble metals. The coatings Al₂O₃·CoOₓ contribute to fuel economy and improve the environmental performance of the internal combustion engine thus can be recommended for use in the neutralization of gas emissions systems and as coatings for pistons of combustion chamber.
Effect of doping metals on the structure of PEO coatings on Ti
(Publishing House SME "Burlaka", 2017) Karakurkchi, A. V.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Ved, M. V.; Mayba, M. V.
The effect of the electrolysis regime on the composition and morphology of Fe–Co–Mo(W) coatings
(Publishing House SME "Burlaka", 2017) Yermolenko, I. Yu.; Ved, M. V.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Karakurkchi, A. V.
Cobalt and manganese oxide catalytic systems on valve metals in ecotechnologies
(Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2017) Karakurkchi, A. V.; Sakhnenko, M. D.; Ved, M. V.; Gorohivskiy, A. S.; Galak, O.; Menshov, S.; Matykin, O.
The paper discusses the preparation of cobalt and manganese oxide catalytic systems on valve metals (aluminum and titanium alloys) for eco-technologies. Oxide catalysts with d-metals based on aluminum are widely used for reduce the toxic gases emission from internal combustion engines. Catalysts based on Titania doped with transition metal oxides are also widely used in the heterogeneous and especially photo-catalysis. The higher catalytic properties in this case are demonstrated by the nano-structured oxide systems with developed surface both on aluminum and titanium alloys. From the point of view of the application convenience, better technological forms of a catalyst are the thin-film oxide coatings, formed directly on the metal substrate by the method of plasma-electrolytic oxidizing. It is considered the features of the conversion coatings formation on aluminum and titanium alloys by plasma electrolytic oxidation in alkaline electrolytes. The effect both the concentration and ratio of the electrolyte components and processing conditions on the composition and the morphology of the surface layers is studied. The difference in the plasma oxidation parameters of aluminum and titanium alloys is attributed with the various specific electric resistance of matrix metal as well as the alloying elements oxides. The oxides’ composition influence on the surface relief and their properties is investigated. The factors influenced on the catalytic properties of single and mixed oxide systems are established and the prospects for their use in technology of neutralization of toxic substances are discussed.
Increasing the efficiency of intra-cylinder catalysis in diesel engines
(Украинский государственный химико-технологический университет, 2017) Parsadanov, I. V.; Sakhnenko, N. D.; Ved, M. V.; Rykova, I. V.; Khyzhniak, V. A.; Karakurkchi, A. V.; Gorokhivskiy, A. S.
The data of research done to systemize and choose scientific fields and search for the rational ways of an increase in the efficiency of intra-cylinder catalysis in diesel engines have been given. The use of base metal oxides and composite oxides of transition metals as the coatings for the piston combustion chamber has been substantiated. This allows us to control chemical reaction rates and reduce the formation of toxic substances. When selecting the scientific fields and rational practical ways of an increase in the efficiency of intra-cylinder catalysis in diesel engines chemical, physical and technological factors were taken into consideration. The formation of catalytic coatings based on the oxides of transition metals (Mn, Co) was provided using the plasma-electrolytic oxidizing on the Al25 alloy. These included both individual manganese and cobalt oxides and the mixed oxides of both metals. The investigation of catalytic coatings of the combustion chamber in the diesel engine piston on the basis of manganese and cobalt oxides and mixed oxides enabled the establishment of a maximum catalytic effect when cobalt oxides were used. The prototype diesel test data showed that the fuel rate in this case is decreased by 4 to 6 %, NOx emissions were reduced by 14 to 15 % and carbon oxide emissions were reduced by 20 through 25 %.