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The actual problem of the modern sports as the restoration of the water balance in the sportsman’s body has been described in the article. Water is the most important component of the human body, which is necessary for the regulation of the temperature of the body, moistening of the skin, the transportation of oxygen and other nutrients to cells, etc. The use of the optimal amount of water is an important condition of the effective physical capacity for work and better endurance of a sportsman. The normal water balance is a determinant of maintaining of a sportsman’s physical capacity for the work, the normal work of brain during the training and the restoration after the injuries. The negative water balance, or dehydration, can disrupt the work of the cardiorespiratory system, thermoregulation, can cause the threat of the injury and even death of a sportsman. The correct water balance is one of the most important components of the healthy lifestyle. The purpose of the article is to analyze the processes of the regulation and the restoration of the water balance in a sportsman’s body. The methodology of the research includes the investigation of the special literature in the aspect of the correcting and the restoration of the water balance; the establishment of the relationship between the regulation of the water exchange and the effectiveness of the physical exercises; the definition of the peculiarities and the factors that lead to the violations of the processes of management of the water balance in the sportsmen’s bodies. The scientific novelty of the article consists of the definition of the interrelationships of the certain patterns that affect the stabilization of the water balance in the body of the sportsmen; the systematization of the main causes that lead to dehydration during the physical activity; the generalization of the existing systems of the restoration of the water balance in the process of sports activities. As the result of the structural and logical analysis of the special literature, the specifics and the factors have been established which influence on the violation of the regulation of the water balance. In the difficult conditions of the transformation of the modern sports, it is absolutely necessary to create the modern method of the independent regulation of the water balance by each sportsman. The essential relationship between the regulation of the water balance and the effectiveness of the sports activities has been grounded.

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