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Постійне посилання на розділhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/35393
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Документ Rational parameters of waxes obtaining from oil winterization waste(PC Тесhnology сеntеr, 2020) Sytnik, Natalia; Kunitsia, Ekaterina; Mazaeva, Viktoria; Chernukha, Anton; Kovalov, Pavlo; Grigorenko, Natalia; Gornostal, Stella; Yermakova, Olena; Pavlunko, Mykola; Kravtsov, MikhailProduction of waxes from spent perlite, which is a waste of sunflower oil winterization, is studied. Winterization is characterized by significant losses of oil with filter powders, and waste utilization is an environmental and economic problem. At the same time, winterization waste contains valuable components – wax and oil, which can be used in different ways. The content of waxes in spent perlite using hexane (18 %), as well as the quality indicators of the obtained wax: melting point 70 °C, saponification number 115 mg KOH/g, acid number 2.6 mg KOH/g, mass fraction of moisture 0,82 % are determined. Spent perlite was treated with a solution of sodium chloride during boiling, settling of the obtained mass, washing and drying of wax. The dependence of the yield and melting point of the extracted waxes on the processing parameters: the concentration of sodium chloride solution, temperature and duration of settling is found. Rational conditions for spent perlite processing are determined: the concentration of sodium chloride solution – 7.5 %, settling temperature – 20 °C, settling duration ‑ 10 hours. The experimentally determined wax yield at this point is 14.3 %. Quality indicators of the wax sample obtained under rational conditions are studied: melting point 68 °С, saponification number 110 mg KOH/g, acid number 2.8 mg KOH/g, mass fraction of moisture 0.85 %. These values correlate with the data for wax extracted using hexane, as well as with reference data on the quality of beeswax and sunflower wax. The data obtained allow recycling spent perlite without organic solvents, which makes the process more environmentally friendly and cost-effective, as well as solves environmental problems associated with the utilization of winterization waste.Документ Processing of ethanol-containing waste of oil neutralization in the technology of hand cleaning paste(PC тесhnology сеntеr, 2021) Petik, Ihor; Belinska, Anna; Kunitsia, Ekaterina; Bochkarev, Sergiy; Ovsiannikova, Tetiana; Kalyna, Viktoriia; Chernukha, Anton; Ostapov, Kostiantyn; Grigorenko, Natalia; Petukhova, OlenaThe graphical dependence of the washing capacity of ethanol-containing soapstock on the concentration in an aqueous solution and the temperature of interaction with the polluted material has been determined. It is proposed to use a 40 % aqueous solution of ethanol-containing soapstock in the hand cleaning paste technology. This soapstock solution has a washing capacity of 92–98 % at the temperature of interaction with the polluted material of 25–40 °C. The regularity of the effect of the structurant content on the consistency of hand cleaning paste was investigated using an approximating polynomial. This made it possible to substantiate the effective concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose (0.4...0.6 %) and cetysltearyl alcohol (1.8...2.0 %) in the formulation. The obtained regression equation is useful for adjusting the content of structurants in the formulation, depending on the consumer's requirements for the viscosity of the developed detergent. A comparison of the quality indicators of the developed hand cleaning paste based on ethanol-containing soapstock with a sample of similar “Primaterra Automotive” commercial hand cleaning paste was carried out. The quality indicators of the developed paste are as follows: effective viscosity at 20...22 °С – 32.0 Pa∙s; foaming capacity – 23 mm, foam stability – 62.0 %; washing ability – 92.0 %. It was determined that these quality indicators do not differ significantly in the developed detergent and commercial analogue. The data obtained indicate the prospects of processing ethanol-containing soapstock into the hand cleaning paste based on natural surfactants. The developed detergent due to the content of ethanol, glycerin and hydrogen peroxide has antiseptic properties, which is a competitive advantage among analogues. Such utilization of ethanol-containing soapstock makes the process of oil neutralization environmentally safe and economically viable.