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Документ The problem of the surgical treatment of non-specific chronic pleural empyema: literature review(ДУ "Інститут загальної та невідкладної хірургії імені В. Т. Зайцева НАМН України", 2020) Sochnieva, Anastasiia LvovnaDespite the rapid development of thoracic surgery, the problem of the surgical treatment of non-specific chronic pleural empyema remains relevant. The variability of the proposed treatment methods: puncture and drainage interventions aimed at pleural cavity sanitation, minimally invasive videothoracoscopic surgeries and traditional lung decortication, dictates the need for case-by-case surgical tactics and determining the stages and duration of the above methods. Treatment outcomes are significantly worsened by the presence of bronchial fistulas, which either cause the development of chronic pleural empyema or develop as a result of its presence and late treatment. Some answers to these key questions are provided in this paper, which aims to identify them in the Ukrainian and foreign literature.Документ The problem of the surgical treatment of non-specific chronic pleural empyema: literature review(ДУ "Інститут загальної та невідкладної хірургії імені В. Т. Зайцева НАМН України", 2020) Sochnieva, Anastasiia LvovnaDespite the rapid development of thoracic surgery, the problem of the surgical treatment of non-specific chronic pleural empyema remains relevant. The variability of the proposed treat-ment methods: puncture and drainage interventions aimed at pleural cavity sanitation, minimally invasive videothoracoscopic surgeries and traditional lung decortication, dictates the need for case-by-case surgical tactics and determining the stages and duration of the above methods. Treatment outcomes are significantly worsened by the presence of bronchial fistulas, which either cause the development of chronic pleural empyema or develop as a result of its presence and late treatment. Some answers to these key questions are provided in this paper, which aims to identify them in the Ukrainian and foreign literature.