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Документ Technology development of fatty acids obtaining from soapstok using saponification(PC Тесhnology сеntеr, 2021) Sytnik, Natalia; Kunitsia, Ekaterina; Kalyna, Viktoriia; Petukhova, Olena; Ostapov, Kostiantyn; Ishchuk, Volodymyr; Saveliev, Dmytro; Kovalova, Tetiana; Kostyrkin, Oleg; Petrova, OlenaThe processing of oil refining waste is essential from economic and environmental points of view. An important issue is the processing of soapstock to extract fatty acids, which are raw materials for various industries. The two-stage method of fatty acids obtaining from soapstock using saponification with sodium hydroxide solution and decomposition with sulfuric acid is investigated. The peculiarity of the work is the study of the influence of soapstock saponification conditions on the key efficiency indicators of fatty acid extraction: yield and neutralization number. A sample of soapstock was obtained as a result of alkaline neutralization of sunflower oil. Soapstock quality corresponds to DSTU 5033 (CAS 68952-95-4): mass fraction of total fat – 68.5 %, fatty acids – 62.6 %, neutral fat – 5.9 %. Rational saponification conditions were determined: duration (85 min.) and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution (45 %). After saponification, the soapstock was subjected to decomposition with sulfuric acid under the following conditions: temperature 90 °C, duration 40 min. Under the rational saponification conditions, the yield of fatty acids (91.8 %) and the neutralization number (187.1 mg KOH/g) were determined. The obtained fatty acids correspond to the first-grade fatty acids according to DSTU 4860 (CAS 61788-66-7). Acid indicators: mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances – 1.5 %, mass fraction of total fat – 98.0 %, cleavage depth – 69.2 % oleic acid. The use of the soapstock saponification stage before decomposition leads to an improvement in the quality indicators and an increase in the neutralization number of fatty acids by 4 %, yield – by 16.2 %. The results of the study make it possible to produce fatty acids from soapstock by two-stage technology with high yield and neutralization number.Документ Rational conditions of fatty acids obtaining by soapstock treatment with sulfuric acid(PC Тесhnology сеntеr, 2021) Sytnik, Natalia; Kunitsia, Ekaterina; Mazaeva, Viktoria; Kalyna, Viktoriia; Chernukha, Andrii; Vazhynskyi, Serhii; Yashchenko, Oleksandr; Maliarov, Murat; Bogatov, Oleg; Bolibrukh, BorysAs a result of alkaline neutralization of oils, a significant amount of soapstock is formed, the utilization of which creates an environmental and economic problem. The production of fatty acids from soapstock using sulfuric acid decomposition is investigated in this work. The peculiarity of the work is the determination of regression dependences of the yield and neutralization number of fatty acids on the soapstock processing conditions: temperature and duration. Soapstock obtained after neutralization of sunflower oil was used as raw material. Soapstock indicators: mass fraction of moisture – 15.4 %, total fat – 71.9 %, fatty acids – 64.5 %, neutral fat – 7.4 %. Rational conditions of soapstock processing are determined: temperature (90–95) °С, duration 40 min. Under these conditions, the fatty acid yield is 79.0 %, the neutralization number is 180.0 mg KOH/g. Quality indicators of the obtained fatty acids: mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances – 1.8 %, mass fraction of total fat – 97.0 %, cleavage depth – 64.5 % of oleic acid, the presence of mineral acids – no. Fatty acids correspond to fatty acids of the first grade according to DSTU 4860 (CAS 61788-66-7). An increase in the temperature and duration of soapstock contact with sulfuric acid increases the yield and neutralization number of fatty acids. This is due to a decrease in the viscosity of the reaction medium, an increase in the depth of cleavage of soapstock soaps with sulfuric acid, an increase in the intensity and duration of mass transfer. The developed rational conditions allow obtaining fatty acids from soapstock, which correspond in composition to fatty acids from refined deodorized sunflower oil. The results allow solving a number of economic and environmental problems associated with soapstock utilization and can be implemented in oil refineries and fatty acid production.Документ Development of amino acid balanced food systems based on wheat flour and oilseed meal(PC тесhnology сеntеr, 2020) Papchenko, Victoriia; Matveeva, Tatiana; Bochkarev, Sergiy; Belinska, Anna; Kunitsia, Ekaterina; Chernukha, Anton; Bezuglov, Oleg; Bogatov, Oleg; Polkovnychenko, Dmytro; Shcherbak, SergeyThe analysis of the main methods of increasing the nutritional and biological value of wheat flour has been conducted. Considerable attention is paid to the issue of adjusting the protein content in flour due to additives. The relevance of improving the amino acid composition of flour protein is emphasized. The feasibility of comprehensive studies for the development of food system formulations with a balanced amino acid composition based on wheat flour and oilseed meal is substantiated. The amino acid content has been experimentally determined and the biological value of raw materials proteins for food systems which are sunflower and soybean meal has been calculated. The mixture composition of sunflower and soybean meal with an improved amino acid composition has been scientifically substantiated. It has been found that the protein composition of the meal mixture is maximally close to the reference in terms of the content of leucine, lysine and the amount of sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cystine). The score of isoleucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine in the protein composition of oilseed meal is 1.1–1.47 times higher than the reference. The amino acid composition has been calculated and the biological value of the protein of food systems containing 80–90 % wheat flour and 10–20 % composition of soybean and sunflower meal with improved amino acid composition has been determined. It has been found that the formulation of the food system containing 20 % of the composition of meal mixture and 80 % of wheat flour has the greatest biological value in comparison with wheat flour. In this food system, the limited amino acids – lysine and sulfur-containing (methionine and cystine) are the closest to the reference one and are 67.68 % and 70.12 %. The fatty acid composition has been experimentally determined. The biological effectiveness of the fats of the developed food systems has been calculated. The closest to the fatty acid ratio recommended by nutritionists is the food system with a ratio of meal mixture: wheat flour of 20:80. The resulting formulations of food systems will be useful in technologies of flour products with high biological value.Документ Improvement of the technology of fatty acids obtaining from oil and fat production waste(PC Technology center, 2022) Kalyna, Viktoriia; Stankevych, Serhii; Myronenko, Liliia; Hrechko, Andrii; Bogatov, Oleg; Bragin, Oleksandr; Romanov, Oleksii; Ogurtsov, Yuriy; Semenov, Evgeny; Filenko, OlesyaFatty acids are an important component in the pharmaceutical, food, chemical industries. The production of various types of products requires a certain purity and quality of fatty acids. To obtain these compounds, it is promising to use soapstocks, which are waste products of alkaline refining of oils. The peculiarity of the work lies in determining the effect of the process parameters of soapstock decomposition with sulfuric acid on the saponification number, which is an important production characteristic of fatty acids. The study used sunflower soapstock according to DSTU 5033 (CAS 68952-95-4) with a mass fraction of total fat of 69.5 %, fatty acids – 64.5 %. The soapstock was treated with a sulfuric acid solution at a temperature of 90 °C, the process duration was 40 min. Rational parameters of soapstock treatment were determined: concentration of sulfuric acid in the reaction mass is 80 %, concentration of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid – 50 %. In the experiment interval, the settling duration of the reaction mass does not affect the saponification number of fatty acids. The settling time of 1 hour is effective for the isolation of fatty acids. Under these conditions, the saponification number of fatty acids was 186.4 mg KOH/g. The acids correspond to fatty acids of the first grade according to DSTU 4860 (CAS 61788-66-7): mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances – 1.2 %, mass fraction of total fat – 97.5 %, cleavage depth – 95.0 % oleic acid. The obtained data allow rational and most efficient use of the reagent – sulfuric acid. The results of the work make it possible to reduce the duration of fatty acids obtaining from soapstocks, since the efficiency of the process with the minimum duration of mass settling has been confirmed. The improved technology of soapstock decomposition makes it possible to obtain a valuable product – high-quality fatty acids under rational conditions.Документ Технология получения смазочных материалов на основе подсолнечного масла путем его гидрохлорирования(Global Science Center LP, Norway, 2020) Касьяненко, Любовь Николаевна; Демидов, Игорь Николаевич; Мольченко, Светлана НиколаевнаОбъектом исследования является процесс гидрохлорирования подсолнечного масла газообразным хлороводородом. Целью работы представляется разработка технологии получения смазочных материалов на основе подсолнечного масла путем гидрохлорирования масла с последующим химическим превращением продукта для получения основы смазочных материалов. Результаты проведенной работы указывают на перспективность и целесообразность дальнейших исследований в области получения кислородсодержащих производных растительных масел с целью определения оптимальных условий проведения соответствующих химических модификаций.Документ Структура ацилгліцеринів олії нових ліній насіння соняшнику насиченого типу(Технологический Центр, 2013) Куниця, Катерина Вікторівна; Литвиненко, Олена Анатоліївна; Гладкий, Федір ФедоровичСтаття присвячена дослідженню складу та структури ацилгліцеринів в олії нових ліній насіння соняшнику. Отримано дані щодо наявності в оліях 2-олеодінасичених ацилгліцеринів, що складають основу жирів кондитерських, кулінарних, хлібопекарських та для молочної промисловості. За результатами дослідження зразків нових ліній насіння соняшнику обрано сировину для подальших досліджень.Документ Можливість одержання біомастильних матеріалів шляхом хімічної модифікації олій(НТУ "ХПІ", 2019) Касьяненко, Любов Миколаївна; Демидов, Ігор Миколайович; Мольченко, Світлана МиколаївнаНа сьогодні досить багато є робіт присвячених пошуку альтернативи нафтопродуктам. Більшість робіт стосується хімічної обробки олій, як присадка до нафтопродуктів. Зазвичай використовують для таких досліджень рицинову або ріпакову олії, оскільки вони більш популярні для технічного застосування, та рицинову олію можливо використовувати без хімічних перетворень, так як вона містить у своєму складі гідроксікислоти. Об'єктом дослідження є процес гідрохлорування соняшникової олії хлорним вапном. Метою роботи є розробка технології одержання мастильних матеріалів на основі соняшникової олії шляхом гідрохлорування олії з наступним хімічним перетворенням продукту для отримання основи мастильних матеріалів. В роботі обґрунтовано методи отримання базових мастил з альтернативних джерел (відновлюваної сировини), в тому числі – за допомогою переробки рослинних олій. Виготовлено зразки мастильних олив на основі соняшникової олії. Визначено в'язкість-температурні властивості отриманих продуктів. Результати проведеної роботи вказують на перспективність і доцільність подальших досліджень в галузі одержання кисневміщуючих похідних рослинних олій з метою визначення оптимальних умов проведення зазначеної хімічної модифікації.