Obtaining the maximum power from the source using step-up and step-down type pulse regulators that work on battery

Abstract

Introduction. Pulse regulators are widely used to match the output resistance of the source with the load resistance in order to ensure the possibility of taking maximum power when the value of the load resistance changes. Problem. In the case of using nontraditional and renewable sources of electrical energy, for a more uniform supply of energy to the load, a battery is often connected to the output of the pulse regulator, which works in buffer mode. In such cases, the load for the pulse regulator will be the battery itself, and the role of the source load will be performed by the input resistance of the regulator. To ensure the mode of operation of the pulse regulator, in which the maximum power will be transmitted from the source to the load, it is necessary to know the regulating characteristics of the regulator. There are works that analyze the regulating characteristics of step-up and step-down pulse regulators, which are used to match the load with the output resistance of the source. At the same time, for the same purpose, pulse regulators of the step-up and step-down type can be used. Goal. The purpose of the work is to analyze the features of the operation of step-up and step-down type pulse regulators in the mode of maximum power transmission from the source to the battery, as well as to determine the conditions under which it is possible and appropriate to use such regulators for the specified purpose. Methodology. The regulating characteristics of step-up and step-down type pulse regulators with sequential and parallel switching on of the controlled key were determined and analyzed, taking into account the presence of a battery at their output. Results. It is shown that the transfer of energy from the source to the battery is possible only under certain modes of operation of the regulator, which depend on the type of regulator, as well as the amount of voltage on the battery. The conditions under which it is possible to draw the maximum power from the source are determined. Originality. Since the output resistance of the source and the load resistance are of the same order in the maximum power selection mode, the internal resistance of the power source was taken into account when determining the regulating characteristics of the regulators. Practical value. The obtained results made it possible to formulate practical recommendations for a justified choice of the regulator’s operating modes, depending on its type and the value of voltage on the battery.Проаналізовано регулювальні характеристики імпульсних регуляторів підвищувально-понижувального типу з урахуванням внутрішнього опору джерела живлення, за умови підключення акумулятора на їх виході. Показано, що за наявності акумулятора, регулятори напруги працюватимуть у режимі регулювання струму заряджання акумулятора. При цьому діапазон регулювання відносного часу замкненого стану ключа буде обмеженим. Дано рекомендації щодо вибору режимів роботи регулятора, за яких забезпечується передавання енергії від джерела до акумулятора, в залежності від схеми регулятора, а також значення напруги на акумуляторі. Визначено умови, за яких забезпечується передавання максимальної потужності від джерела живлення до акумулятора.