Исследование и совершенствование технологии холодного выдавливания гайки специальной для автомобилестроения

Abstract

Cold forging is used for the manufacture of parts of complex shape from metals and alloys with sufficient ductility. Lack of heating allows to obtain accurate workpieces and parts with high surface quality. The use of die forging allows to obtain parts that do not require or almost do not require further mechanical and heat treatment. The operations of cold forging include sediment, volumetric molding, cold extrusion, disembarkation, chasing, branding. Such processing is often carried out for several operations, which provides a gradual and consistent change in form: from initial to specified. To increase the plasticity and reduce the resistance to deformation, preliminary and interoperative annealing is used. Parts manufactured by cold forging have high accuracy and differ in the material utilization factor of over 90 %. Some of them are impossible or not rationally obtained using other processing methods. The paper presents the results of the study of the process of cold extrusion nuts special for the automotive industry using numerical simulat ion of the process by the finite element method and using the program QForm VX. Various options for cold extrusion of a nut are con sidered, which include upsetting, forward, reverse and combined extrusion. Using the QFormVX software package, cold stamping transitions were simulated, and strain graphics and stress intensity were obtained. The maximum deformation forces were determined, which made it possible to choose equipment for a special nut for the automotive industry. The results obtained make it possible to continue the calculation of this part and improve its confi guration to solve problems associated with the technology of manufacturing nuts special for the automotive industry.