Обзор компьютерно-интегрированных систем и технологий изготовления поршней двигателей внутреннего сгорания

Abstract

Рассмотрены технологические особенности изготовления поршней двигателей внутреннего сгорания (ДВС) с учетом эксплуатационных особенностей, формирующих функциональные требования к материалу поршня. Приведены рекомендации по выбору систем конструкторско-технологической подготовки производства поршней, позволяющих создавать универсальные технологии совместного компьютерно-интегрированного проектирования поршней ДВС.

The technological features of manufacture of pistons of internal combustion engines (ICE) taking into account the operational characteristics that form the functional requirements of the piston material are considered. It is shown that the chill casting of pistons is recommended for alloys with a low coefficient of linear expansion, and the liquid forging of pistons is preferable to the hot forging since it allows to obtain defect-free, dense billets with the fine structure of the piston material. For the heavy-loaded diesel engine pistons, chill casting is acceptable, provided the maximum possible porosity prevention in massive parts of castings. For the simulation of the casting processes of ICE pistons, it is advisable to use the LVMFlow package since it is focused on the finite difference computation algorithms, ensuring stable operation of the computational station at a relatively low consumption of its hardware resources, ease of interface, computation speed and low cost of the software package. For the engineering simulation of the thermal and the stressstrain state of the ICE cast pistons, the ANSYS complex that has a high interaction with existing CAD and CAE systems having full interaction with WorkbenchProducts and well-known ANSYS, as well as a large number of mathematical solvers, allowing to quickly and accurately conduct computations in the WorkbenchProducts can be recommended.