Хімічна обробка поверхні в реставрації художніх виробів зі срібла
Дата
2020
DOI
doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2020-9-85-37
Науковий ступінь
Рівень дисертації
Шифр та назва спеціальності
Рада захисту
Установа захисту
Науковий керівник
Члени комітету
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Видавництво "Молодий вчений"
Анотація
У публікації представлено результати наукової роботи, що присвячена удосконаленню реставрації художніх виробів зі срібла, яка передбачає ефективне і делікатне хімічне очищення поверхні. Розглянуто основні проблеми, що мають місце при зберіганні та відновленні срібних предметів декоративно-прикладного мистецтва. Проведено аналіз наукових досліджень і публікацій провідних фахівців у галузі реставрації та обробки металів. Уперше запропоновано розчин на основі тіосечовини, сульфамінової кислоти і поверхнево-активних речовин. Перевагою даного засобу над відомими аналогами є заміна
агресивних речовин на нешкідливі речовини, що є сприятливим фактором для делікатної обробки предметів мистецтва, виготовлених зі срібла та його сплавів, особливо з дорогоцінним камінням. Практичне значення одержаних результатів полягає в доцільності застосування даного засобу для обробки предметів антикваріату, музейних експонатів у реставраційних роботах.
The publication presents the results of research work dedicated to improving the restoration of artistic products made of silver and its alloys, which provides for effective and delicate chemical surface cleaning. Art products made of silver and its alloys, when exposed to the open air, are exposed to external environmental factors and atmospheric corrosion. As a result of these processes, objects change their appearance, fade, lose luster, their decorative and functional properties deteriorate. The main problems that occur during storage and restoration of silver objects of decorative and applied arts are considered. The analysis of scientific researches and publications of leading experts in the field of restoration and processing of metals is carried out. It is proved that many of the existing means for chemical cleaning of silver have certain significant disadvantages (presence in solutions of free cyanides, ammonia, aggressive acids, abrasive particles), which are toxic, ineffective or harmful to the silver surface. Therefore, the elimination of these shortcomings is possible by developing a new effective cleaning agent based on available and harmless chemicals. The results of this research are positive. For the first time, a solution based on thiourea, sulfamic acid and surfactants was proposed. All components of this solution are absolutely available for sale and perform certain functions. The offered means quickly and effectively cleans a surface. The advantage of this tool over known analogues is the replacement of aggressive substances with harmless substances, which is a favorable factor for the delicate treatment of works of art made of silver and its alloys, especially with precious stones. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the expediency of using this tool for processing antiques, museum exhibits in restoration works. Advanced technology does not require scarce reagents and complex technical conditions, the cost of neutralization of toxic components of solutions, and therefore is fully technically available for the needs of a conventional laboratory.
The publication presents the results of research work dedicated to improving the restoration of artistic products made of silver and its alloys, which provides for effective and delicate chemical surface cleaning. Art products made of silver and its alloys, when exposed to the open air, are exposed to external environmental factors and atmospheric corrosion. As a result of these processes, objects change their appearance, fade, lose luster, their decorative and functional properties deteriorate. The main problems that occur during storage and restoration of silver objects of decorative and applied arts are considered. The analysis of scientific researches and publications of leading experts in the field of restoration and processing of metals is carried out. It is proved that many of the existing means for chemical cleaning of silver have certain significant disadvantages (presence in solutions of free cyanides, ammonia, aggressive acids, abrasive particles), which are toxic, ineffective or harmful to the silver surface. Therefore, the elimination of these shortcomings is possible by developing a new effective cleaning agent based on available and harmless chemicals. The results of this research are positive. For the first time, a solution based on thiourea, sulfamic acid and surfactants was proposed. All components of this solution are absolutely available for sale and perform certain functions. The offered means quickly and effectively cleans a surface. The advantage of this tool over known analogues is the replacement of aggressive substances with harmless substances, which is a favorable factor for the delicate treatment of works of art made of silver and its alloys, especially with precious stones. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the expediency of using this tool for processing antiques, museum exhibits in restoration works. Advanced technology does not require scarce reagents and complex technical conditions, the cost of neutralization of toxic components of solutions, and therefore is fully technically available for the needs of a conventional laboratory.
Опис
Ключові слова
хімічні реакції, поверхнево-активні речовини, тіосечовина, сульфамінова кислота, декоративно-прикладне мистецтво, silver, corrosion, restoration, chemical surface treatment, thiourea, sulfamic acid, surfactants
Бібліографічний опис
Смірнова С. Д. Хімічна обробка поверхні в реставрації художніх виробів зі срібла / С. Д. Смірнова, В. А. Сушко, О. Л. Смірнова // Молодий вчений. – 2020. – № 9 (85). – С. 172-175.