The system of risk factors for diseases in valeological disciplines

Abstract

Background. With a view of primary prevention of diseases common in the world, medical workers and educators can effectively work together within teaching valeological disciplines at higher education institutions. Medical information should be adapted for non-medical students using the methods of scaling, aggregation, balancing and system analysis. Their application requires studying the content of main topics of valeological disciplines, determining the boundaries of didactic adaptation and testing in different higher education establishments. Adaptation of medical information on risk factors for understanding by non-medical students has not been stu­died enough. Aim. To study the characteristics and interrelationships of risk factors of socially significant diseases for the didactic adaptation of the content of valeological disciplines. Materials and Methods. The bibliosemantic method, comparative method, and system ana­lysis method were used for the study. The analysis takes into account the experience of primary prevention of diseases and teaching valeological disciplines in higher education institutions in Ukraine and Germany. Results and Conclusions. The system of risk factors for diseases that are responsible for a significant number of deaths in most countries of the world is the subject of study of modern valeological disciplines. Medical research allows us to divide risk factors into controllable, conditio­nally controllable and uncontrollable. The impact of the first two groups of risk factors on health can be eliminated or significantly weakened by forming non-medical students’ valeological competence and adherence to a healthy lifestyle throughout life. The programs for primary prevention of socially significant diseases should include recommendations for quitting smoking, alcohol abuse, drug use, overeating, overfatigue, hypodynamia, or, conversely, extreme sports, and unprotected sex. Didactic adaptation of complex medical information is needed for valeological education of non-medical students. Its algorithms are analyzed in this article.