Определение токов утечки в изоляции воздушных линий электропередач

Abstract

В статье рассматривается вопрос определения технических потерь электрической энергии в изоляционных конструкциях при передаче электрической энергии по высоковольтным воздушным линиям электропередачи. Уточнен расчет потерь электрической энергии за счет уточнения активной составляющей тока утечки при потерях энергии в диэлектрике, а также проводимости образовавшегося слоя загрязнения на поверхности изолятора в зависимости от степени загрязнения атмосферы и длительности воздействия погодных условий.The compilation of electric energy balances in power systems is one of the most important components of the technical and economic indicator of the power system as a whole, since a qualitative assessment of various types of losses provides an objective answer to the system’s energy efficiency in energy saving. The article deals with one of the issues of determining technical energy losses in insulating structures when transmitting electrical energy through high-voltage overhead power lines, by specifying the active and reactive component of the total leakage current across the surface of the insulator during thermal dissipation of energy in the dielectric depending on the degree of contamination of the surface of the insulat ing structure discinsulator. One of the methods for determining the loss of the dispersed electrical energy in the dielectric of a plate insulator depending on the degree of contamination of its surface with definition of the active and reactive component of the total leakage current by an experimental method is proposed. The method consists in determining the dielectric loss tangent and capacitance plate insulators of stationary conditions for the three states of its surface (clean dry, clean wetted with water, contaminated with a layer of dust). Two types of plate insulators PF – 70 А suspended porcelain, PSD - 70 E suspended glass were chosen as objects of research. According to the obtained experimental data, calculations were made of th e active and reactive components of the total leakage current on the surface of the insulator, as well as the energy dissipated in the dielectric. A brief analysis of the results.