Исследование возможности синтеза гидроксилапатита биомедицинского назначения из растворов с использованием стадии сушки вымораживанием и методом пиролиза

Abstract

В статье рассмотрены различные методы получения синтетического гидроксилапатита биомедицинского назначения. Выполнена оценка возможностей синтеза кристаллического Са₁₀(РО₄)₆(ОН)₂ высокой чистоты из водных растворов ацетата кальция Са(СН₃СОО)₂ и триэтилфосфата (C₂H₅O)₃PO с использованием стадии сушки вымораживанием и сублимации и из водных растворов Ca(NO₃)₂ и Н₃РО₄ (содержащих метанол, воду и азотную кислоту) методом пиролиза. Определены оптимальные концентрации растворов, pH среды, соотношения компонентов и режимы термообработки. Определено, что для получения нанокристаллического гидроксилапатита стехиометрического состава более перспективным является растворный метод с использованием на стадии сушки вымораживания и сублимации.

The paper dwells on the various methods of technologies of synthetic hydroxyapatite for the biomedical supplies. Evaluated feasibility of the hydroxyapatite Са₁₀(РО₄)₆(ОН)₂ synthesis of high frequency from mixture of water solution of calcium acetate Са(СН₃СОО)₂ and triethyl phosphate (C₂H₅O)₃PO with the use on the stage of drying the freezing and sublimation is executed. The choice of triethyl phosphate as a source of phosphate ions was conditioned by the necessity of expectation the tricalcium phosphate formation as a by-product. Freezing was produced with the purpose of prevention of triethyl phosphate hydrolysis by draining of mixture in liquid nitrogen. Synthesis of hydroxyapative was produced also by the method of pyrolysis in the combustion chamber at the temperature range of 600-1200 °C from the preliminary prepared water solutions of calcium nitrate Ca(NO₃)₂ and orthophosphoric acid Н₃РО₄ containing methanol, water and nitric acid. Addition of nitric acid was caused by the necessity to support pH balance. It is determined that to obtain hydroxyapatite of stochiometric composition more perspective is the solution method with using on the stage of drying the freezing. The disadvantages of this method include the necessity of cryogenic influence equipment and low speed of sublimation compared with traditional drying at high temperatures. Obtained by the method of pyrolysis the powders along with a crystalline hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate is contained. The content of which decreased with increasing solution concentration and heat treatment temperature.