Olfactometry diagnostic at the modern stage

Abstract

In this article we consider the most popular methods for evaluating the degree of olfactory disorders. The purpose of our paper is an analytical review of olfactometry of methods and tools to determine their potential and the diagnostic value of the detection of respiratory-olfactory disorders (blocking of odorants getting into areas of the nasal mucosa, containing olfactory receptors). Purpusful study of olfactory function allows to determine the criteria for the diagnosis of local destruction of various parts of the analyze. Various methods and devices (olfactometers) are used to diagnose olfactory analyzer, but they all have a number of drawbacks: the long duration of the study, the use of objective evidence of the subjects, the use of olfactory substances that affect the end of the threefold nerve, determination of olfactory dysfunction or only quantitatively or only qualitatively. Most of the methods for evaluating of olfactory disorders have a wide range of uses for the diagnosis of various diseases as well, including mental disorders, brain damage, and nervous system. However, within our problem, olfactory dysfunction is necessary to consider in connection with the problem of the air passage in the human olfactory system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a highly specialized method of assessing olfactory – respiratory disorders, which would have a high degree of objectivity for use in clinical practice of otolaryngologists. Thus, in the perspective of further research it seems necessary to develop a method of assessment of olfactory function on the basis of respiratory parameters derived from rinomanometry research that will improve the objectivity of conducted researches.

Эта статья посвящена обзору наиболее популярных методов оценки степени обонятельных расстройств. Большинство методов оценки степени нарушения обоняния имеют широкий спектр применения для диагностики различных заболеваний, включая психические расстройства, повреждения мозга и нервной системы. Однако, в рамках нашей задачи необходимо рассматривать дисфункцию обоняния в связи с проблемой прохождения воздуха в обонятельный анализатор человека. Таким образом, в перспективе дальнейших исследований представляется необходимым разработать метод оценки обонятельной функции на основе параметров дыхания, полученных в результате риноманометричного обследования, что позволит повысить объективность проведенных исследований.