Matlab модель генератора ЭКГ сигнала на основе частотного преобразования

Abstract

Предложен метод построения Matlab/Simulink модели генератора электрокардиографического сигнала на основе анализа частотного спектра и формирования соответствующих компонент, реализующих суперпозицию сигналов необходимых гармонических составляющих. Целью работы является синтез такого блока с изменяемыми параметрами, который бы мог использоваться в качестве источника сигнала при имитационном моделировании различных кардиологических систем. В ходе работы были получены решения, позволяющие генерировать кардиографический сигнал наиболее часто встречающихся патологий, моделировать вариабельность сердечного ритма и влияние наиболее распространённых помех.

Electrocardiographical analysis remains an important component of the cardiovascular pathologies diagnostics. There are a number of various methods cardio-signal processing and analysis. It is beneficial to use artificial cardio-signals in addition to traditional ones. It makes it possible to set time and level parameters to simulate a broad spectrum of the normal and pathological cardiovascular conditions. This article provides the review of the existing cardio-signal simulation models. It is demonstrated that is expedient to use dynamic models that allow generation of the artificial cardio-signals with certain features to prove the effectiveness of the cardio-signal processing methods. The imitational electrocardiographical signal generator model that uses Fourier transform spectral co mponent coefficients has been suggested. The described below model has been created using Matlab/Simulink. It was determined that for the most cases it is possible to shape the imitational signal using the first fifty harmonics by utilizing a signal superposition of the mandatory harmonic components. The results of the simulation shown below proved the concept. Matlab model allows to obtain an artificial ECG signal as well as to simulate heart rate pathological conditions, heart rate variability and impact of the most common distortions. Further improvement of the imitational model is possible in the area of extending functionality as a result of changing time and level parameters of certain ECG fragments as well as the most frequently observed pathological conditions.