Рекомендации по компоновке и выбору основного энергетического оборудования теплоутилизационных электрических станций блочно-модульного исполнения

Abstract

Показано, что в условиях мирового энергетического кризиса перспективны источники электроэнергии блочно-модульного исполнения малой и средней мощности, что их применение позволит снизить потери при передаче электроэнергии, положительно повлияет на экологию. Проведен комплексный подбор турбины, цилиндрического редуктора и генератора. После сравнения генераторов разного типа сделан вывод о целесообразности использования асинхронизированных турбогенераторов.The paper shows the need to develop independent sources of low power in the global energy crisis. Such installations can be placed close to the electric receivers; will reduce transport costs to the consumers. Necessity of development has been shown not to individual elements of the installation, but comprehensive selection of structural components: active single-stage turbine, the cylindrical gear reducer and generator. Have been calculated and are proposed choices of the constituent elements of block units - modular low power: single-stage impulse turbine and a cylindrical gear reducer. The ability to use gearless construction was discussed. A comparative analysis of different types of generators for modular systems - modular construction was held. Positive and negative aspects of each type generators have been specified. It was concluded that the most promising for the systems under consideration are asynchronous turbogenerators. The block modular systems design is used gas from production processes, so the speed of turbine (of rotor) is variable. Asynchronous generators have a special scheme of regulation and reversing system of excitation rotor winding. Excitation of the generator is performed with alternating currents with frequency of sliding. Therefore, in the stator winding with a variable speed of rotor induced electromotive force with constant synchronous frequency.