Требования к приборам для проведения вертикального электрического зондирования грунта при диагностике состояния заземляющих устройств

Abstract

На основе анализа статистической базы данных по зондированию грунта и диагностики состояния заземляющего устройства сформулированы требования и созданы рекомендации относительно выбора приборов для проведения вертикального электрического зондирования в зависимости от класса напряжения энергообъекта и доверительной вероятности. Доказана эффективность выбора приборов на основе оптимальных требований.

Purpose. Creation the scientific requirements for technical characteristics of equipment for vertical electrical sounding based on the electrophysical characteristics of the soil of energy objects with the different voltage classes. Methodology. In work used statistical methods for the analysis database of results the soil sounding and for receiving distribution of largest size of the grounding system. To determine the required range of measurement and permissible value of circuit resistance applied the mathematical description of the electromagnetic field to calculate the apparent resistivity of the soil and the Wenner method of calculating the resistance of a vertical electrode. Also, in work used elements of probability theory to creation the stochastic correlation between device parameters and characteristics object of the research. Results. In the paper found that in the most severe cases (when the depth of sounding is the three maximal diagonal of grounding) at 99% energy objects in Ukraine the lower limit of resistance measurement for the respective classes of voltage must be no more than 1.3 milliohms to 35 kV, 0.6 mOhm to 110 kV, 0.5 milliohms to 150 kV, 0.1 mOhm for ≥ 220 kV. Also it proved that the measurement equipment for vertical electrical sounding when performing electromagnetic diagnostics of grounding system the power facilities Ukraine with 35-750 kV voltage class for all possible values of soil resistivity should be with limit of measurement from 0.1 mOhm to 7.2 kOhm and resistance measuring circuit to 66 kOhm. Originality.For the first time used a statistical approach to evaluate the optimal technical requirements for equipment the soils resistivity when performing diagnostics of grounding systems energy objects of Ukraine. The results obtained in this work, establish the probabilistic dependence of the technical characteristics of measuring equipment from the actual depth of sounding in Wenners configuration (the distance between electrodes) and from the voltage class of object. Practical value. The obtained results allow depending on the specific parameters of the object optimally select the equipment. This technique allows you to create a range of equipments with optimal cost and overall dimensions depending on the region (considering to a significant spread of values of soil resistivity) and on the voltage class of investigated object.