Макроекономічні проблеми інтеграції України до ЄС

Abstract

Розглянуто основні макроекономічні проблеми інтеграції України до ЄС. Окреслено основні проблеми української економіки, які перешкоджають інтеграції України до ЄС. Проаналізовано динаміку зовнішньоторговельного обороту України з країнами ЄС. Визначено, що внаслідок військової агресії в Україні відбулося cуттєве зменшення обсягів міжнародної торгівлі з країнами СНД та збільшення товарообороту між Україною та країнами ЄС. Визначено ключові переваги економічного розвитку України у статусі кандидата на членство в ЄС, які власне позитивно впливатимуть на покращення макроекономічних показників України. Зазначено основні торгові бар'єри України з ЄСта надано пропозиціїз їх лімітування.

Introduction. This paper examines the main macroeconomic problems of Ukraine's integration into the EU. So, to begin with, we outlined the main problems of the Ukrainian economy, which hinder the integration of Ukraine into the EU. The purpose of the paper is to study the main macroeconomic problems of Ukraine's integration into the EU and develop recommendations for their solution. Results. Next, we analysed the changes in the dynamics of Ukraine's foreign trade turnover with the EU countries. It was found that the military conflict in Ukraine resulted in a decrease in international trade with the CIS countries and an increase in trade between Ukraine and the EU. We have identified the key advantages of Ukraine's economic development in the status of a candidate for EU membership, which will have a positive impact on the improvement of macroeconomic indicators of our country. In conclusion, we have identified the main trade barriers between Ukraine and the EU and provided proposals for their limitation. Conclusions. Regarding the priorities of reforms in post-war Ukraine, establishing the rule of law should become the main priority of post-war institutional changes. Law enforcement and judicial systems should be rebooted from the top down, and criteria and key performance indicators should be established to measure progress in establishing the rule of law. In the field of public administration, it is necessary to return to a transparent and competitive recruitment of civil servants and to stop hiring policies based on personal connections and loyalty, as well as to complete the reform of the salary scale and incentives for civil servants. Ukraine is on the path of fundamental changes both in the state and in the economy, rapprochement with the EU opens up new prospects for doing business and deeper economic integration into the EU space for our country. In our opinion, Ukraine has already earned membership in the EU, following the path of European integration and fighting for the security of not only Europe, but the whole world, we deserve to call ourselves not a candidate for membership, but a full-fledged member of the European family.