Проблемы эксплуатации и методы предотвращения возгораемости породных отвалов
Дата
2017
ORCID
DOI
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Видавець
НТУ "ХПИ"
Анотація
В статье приведен анализ статистики по горящим и не горящим породным отвалам в Украине, рассмотрены основные типы породных отвалов их достоинства и недостатки, особенности формирования, проблемы эксплуатации породных отвалов и их техногенные угрозы. Методы нормализации теплового состояния отвалов, создание закладочных массивов с использованием смесей из пустых пород, уменьшение объема выработанного пространства и площадей отводимых под отвалы, мероприятия по ликвидации очагов возгорания, предотвращение размыва склона породных отвалов. Утилизация при помощи соляных и гипсовых шахт.
There is an analysis of statistics in the article about the fiery and non–fiery waste rock pile in Ukraine, the main types of the waste rock pile are considered, their advantages and disadvantages forming features exploitation problems and man–made disasters. Nevertherless, the normalization of the termal condition of the waste rock pile the creation of filling masses with the use of gob mixtures, shrinkage the drown space and the area which is appropriated for the waste rock pile,measures of elimination the fire´s origin point, prevention actions of waste rock pile erosioned slopes. Utilization with the ase of salt and gypsum mines. The conditions of the rock heaps for the years 2013, 2014, 2015 are also determined, the main factors influencing the external and internal processes that occur in the dumps are determined. The categories of environmental hazard have been established for the environment. The measures of struggle against these phenomena in the form of land reclamation, protection of slope dumps from washing out, creation of packing massifs are considered.
There is an analysis of statistics in the article about the fiery and non–fiery waste rock pile in Ukraine, the main types of the waste rock pile are considered, their advantages and disadvantages forming features exploitation problems and man–made disasters. Nevertherless, the normalization of the termal condition of the waste rock pile the creation of filling masses with the use of gob mixtures, shrinkage the drown space and the area which is appropriated for the waste rock pile,measures of elimination the fire´s origin point, prevention actions of waste rock pile erosioned slopes. Utilization with the ase of salt and gypsum mines. The conditions of the rock heaps for the years 2013, 2014, 2015 are also determined, the main factors influencing the external and internal processes that occur in the dumps are determined. The categories of environmental hazard have been established for the environment. The measures of struggle against these phenomena in the form of land reclamation, protection of slope dumps from washing out, creation of packing massifs are considered.
Опис
Ключові слова
статистика, угроза техногенная, ликвидация, возгорание, массив закладочный, утилизация, statistics, waste rock pile, man-made disasters, filling mass, utilization
Бібліографічний опис
Тынына С. В. Проблемы эксплуатации и методы предотвращения возгораемости породных отвалов / С. В. Тынына, И. И. Чоботько // Вісник Нац. техн. ун-ту "ХПІ" : зб. наук. пр. Сер. : Механіко-технологічні системи та комплекси. – Харків : НТУ "ХПІ", 2017. – № 44 (1266). – С. 147-152.