Розробка рецептури грильяжних цукерок на основі насіння олійних культур
Дата
2024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.20998/2413-4295.2024.01.10
Науковий ступінь
Рівень дисертації
Шифр та назва спеціальності
Рада захисту
Установа захисту
Науковий керівник
Члени комітету
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут"
Анотація
До структури харчової промисловості входить значна кількість галузей, де не останню роль відіграє кондитерська. Переважна кількість вітчизняних споживачів солодощів стверджують, що найулюбленішими серед кондитерських виробів є ті, які у своєму складі мають різноманітні горіхи. Істотним недоліком більшості груп кондитерських виробів є їх низька фізіологічна цінність. Один із шляхів підвищення якості харчових продуктів, у тому числі і кондитерських виробів, - використання нових нетрадиційних видів рослинної сировини. Основою грильяжних цукерок є насіння арахісу. Але, як відомо, насіння арахісу має в своєму складі компоненти, які можуть виступати алергенами, тому його заміна у рецептурах харчових продуктів на іншу біологічно цінну сировину є важливим завданням сучасної кондитерської галузі. Розроблено рецептури грильяжних цукерок на основі насіння олійних культур. Проведено асортиментний аналіз грильяжних цукерок вітчизняного виробництва. У якості основної сировини обрано насіння льону, кунжуту, голозерного гарбуза, а також ядро соняшникового та конопляного насіння. Проведено органолептичний аналіз і дегустаційну оцінку одержаних грильяжних цукерок. Зроблено порівняльний аналіз за складом контрольного та дослідних зразків грильяжних цукерок. Порівняння контрольного зразка грильяжної цукерки, виготовленої з арахісу та грильяжної цукерки з конопляного ядра показало, що вміст протеїну в конопляній цукерці всього на 0,5% менший порівняно з контролем, жиру – менший на 7%, клітковини – на 2,5% більше. Щодо вмісту макроелементів, то у дослідному зразку грильяжної цукерки на основі смаженого конопляного ядра в 3 рази більший вміст магнію (3,07 г/кг), в порівнянні з контролем, а також в 3,5 рази більший вміст фосфору (6,46 г/кг). Вміст кальцію і натрію в обох зразках майже однаковий. Щодо вмісту мікроелементів у конопляній цукерці, відзначимо, що кожен з показників значно перевищував показники контролю, а саме: залізо – у 1,7 рази, цинк – у 2,3 рази, мідь – у 2,2 рази, марганець – у 5,1 разів. Перераховані мікроелементи сприятливо впливають на організм людини. Рекомендовано до впровадження рецептуру грильяжної цукерки на основі конопляного ядра. Розраховано її поживну (г/100 г: білків – 13,2; жирів – 24,67; вуглеводів – 45,98) та енергетичну цінність (450 кКал/100 г). Завдяки функціональним властивостям конопляного ядра готовий кондитерський виріб варто віднести до продуктів оздоровчо-профілактичного призначення.
A significant drawback of most groups of confectionery products is their low physiological value. One of the ways to improve the quality of confectionery products is the use of new non-traditional types of plant raw materials. The base of grillage candies is peanut seeds. But, as you know, peanut seeds contain components that can act as allergens. Therefore, its replacement in the recipes of food products with other biologically valuable raw materials is an important task of the modern con fectionery industry. The purpose of the research is to develop a recipe for grillage candies based on oilseeds (sunflower, flax, sesame, pumpkin, hemp kernel), which is characterized by the content of biologically valuable elements, to increase the range of candy confectionery products, aimed at consumers who are interested in the topic of healthy nutrition. The recipe for grillage candy based on peanut seeds was chosen as the prototype for the research. In the recipe of the prototype, peanut seeds were completely replaced by seeds of oil crops, namely pumpkin, sunflower, sesame, flax, hemp. Two experimental samples were made from the seeds of each culture: one from raw seeds, one from roasted seeds. Assortment analysis of grillage candies of Ukrainian production was carried out. It was established that the main raw material base for their production is peanut seeds (66.7% of the analyzed raw materials), sunflower seeds are sometimes used. Ukrainian manufacturers use granulated sugar, honey, molasses, dried fruits, vanillin, confectionery glaze, etc. as additional raw materials. An organoleptic analysis and a tasting evaluation of the obtained grillage candies were carried out. Organoleptic quality indicators were determined by the following indicators: appearance, shape, taste and smell. All experimental samples of grillage candies met the requirements for all indicators according to the regulatory documentation, except for samples No. 2, No. 2a and No. 6a, which did not meet the requirements for taste qualiti es. The organoleptic indicators of the quality of finished products were determined using a point assessment. All experimental samples of grillage candies received a sufficiently high score. According to the obtained data, the samples No. 2 and No. 2a, in which the main component was pumpkin seeds, received the lowest score. Sample No. 3, in which flax seeds were used, received the highest rating. A comparative analysis of the composition of control and experimental samples of grillage candies was made. A comparison of a control sample of a grillage candy made from peanuts and a grillage candy made from hemp kernels showed that the protein content of the hemp candy is only 0.5% less compared to the control, fat – 7% less, and fiber – 2.5% more. As for the content of macroelements, in the experimental sample of grillage candy based on roasted hemp kernel, the magnesium content is 3 times higher (3.07 g/kg), compared to the control, as well as the phosphorus content is 3.5 times higher (6.46 g /kg). The content of calcium and sodium in both samples is almost the same. Regarding the content of trace elements in hemp candy, we note that each of the indicators significantly exceeded the control indicators, namely: iron – by 1.7 times, zinc – by 2.3 times, copper – by 2.2 times, manganese – by 5, 1 times. The listed trace elements have a beneficial effect on the human body. A recipe for grillage candy based on hemp kernels is recommended for implementation. Its nutritional value (g/100 g: proteins – 13.2; fats – 24.67; carbohydrates – 45.98) and energy value (450 kcal/100 g) were calculated. Due to the functional properties of the hemp kernel, the finished confectionery product should be classified as a health and preventive product.
A significant drawback of most groups of confectionery products is their low physiological value. One of the ways to improve the quality of confectionery products is the use of new non-traditional types of plant raw materials. The base of grillage candies is peanut seeds. But, as you know, peanut seeds contain components that can act as allergens. Therefore, its replacement in the recipes of food products with other biologically valuable raw materials is an important task of the modern con fectionery industry. The purpose of the research is to develop a recipe for grillage candies based on oilseeds (sunflower, flax, sesame, pumpkin, hemp kernel), which is characterized by the content of biologically valuable elements, to increase the range of candy confectionery products, aimed at consumers who are interested in the topic of healthy nutrition. The recipe for grillage candy based on peanut seeds was chosen as the prototype for the research. In the recipe of the prototype, peanut seeds were completely replaced by seeds of oil crops, namely pumpkin, sunflower, sesame, flax, hemp. Two experimental samples were made from the seeds of each culture: one from raw seeds, one from roasted seeds. Assortment analysis of grillage candies of Ukrainian production was carried out. It was established that the main raw material base for their production is peanut seeds (66.7% of the analyzed raw materials), sunflower seeds are sometimes used. Ukrainian manufacturers use granulated sugar, honey, molasses, dried fruits, vanillin, confectionery glaze, etc. as additional raw materials. An organoleptic analysis and a tasting evaluation of the obtained grillage candies were carried out. Organoleptic quality indicators were determined by the following indicators: appearance, shape, taste and smell. All experimental samples of grillage candies met the requirements for all indicators according to the regulatory documentation, except for samples No. 2, No. 2a and No. 6a, which did not meet the requirements for taste qualiti es. The organoleptic indicators of the quality of finished products were determined using a point assessment. All experimental samples of grillage candies received a sufficiently high score. According to the obtained data, the samples No. 2 and No. 2a, in which the main component was pumpkin seeds, received the lowest score. Sample No. 3, in which flax seeds were used, received the highest rating. A comparative analysis of the composition of control and experimental samples of grillage candies was made. A comparison of a control sample of a grillage candy made from peanuts and a grillage candy made from hemp kernels showed that the protein content of the hemp candy is only 0.5% less compared to the control, fat – 7% less, and fiber – 2.5% more. As for the content of macroelements, in the experimental sample of grillage candy based on roasted hemp kernel, the magnesium content is 3 times higher (3.07 g/kg), compared to the control, as well as the phosphorus content is 3.5 times higher (6.46 g /kg). The content of calcium and sodium in both samples is almost the same. Regarding the content of trace elements in hemp candy, we note that each of the indicators significantly exceeded the control indicators, namely: iron – by 1.7 times, zinc – by 2.3 times, copper – by 2.2 times, manganese – by 5, 1 times. The listed trace elements have a beneficial effect on the human body. A recipe for grillage candy based on hemp kernels is recommended for implementation. Its nutritional value (g/100 g: proteins – 13.2; fats – 24.67; carbohydrates – 45.98) and energy value (450 kcal/100 g) were calculated. Due to the functional properties of the hemp kernel, the finished confectionery product should be classified as a health and preventive product.
Опис
Ключові слова
грильяжні цукерки, насіння арахісу, насіння льону, насіння кунжуту, насіння гарбуза, соняшникове ядро, конопляне ядро, grillage candy, peanut seeds, flax seeds, sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds, sunflower kernel, hemp kernel
Бібліографічний опис
Сова Н. А. Розробка рецептури грильяжних цукерок на основі насіння олійних культур / Н. А. Сова, Н. В. Коваленко // Вісник Національного технічного університету "ХПІ". Сер. : Нові рішення в сучасних технологіях = Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Ser. : New solutions in modern technology : зб. наук. пр. – Харків : НТУ "ХПІ", 2024. – № 1 (19). – С. 70-77.