Моделирование процесса объемной штамповки подшипникового кольца

Abstract

В работе рассмотрен технологический процесс изготовления поковок подшипникового кольца с учетом технологической наследственности. Приведена связанная математическая модель, которая описывает процесс индукционного нагрева и объемной штамповки. Методом конечных элементов численно решены связанные краевые задачи электромагнитного поля, теплопроводности и контактная задача термовязкопластичности. Найденные распределения полей температур и графики изменения усилий штампа и пуансона в процессе осадки и формовки показали необходимость учета технологической наследственности при определении рациональных параметров технологического процесса изготовления кольца подшипника.

The research approach and algorithms in technological process of manufacturing of a bearing ring forgings are studied in the paper considering the technological heredity. It is suggested the coupled mathematical model that describes the process of a cylindrical billet initial induction heating and its volumetric punching. The finite element method is used to numerically solve the coupled boundary value problems for the electromagnetic field, the thermal transfer, and the thermos composite contact problems for two alternatives of the initial conditions of the electrical, thermal, and physicalmechanical nonlinear characteristics of the material depending on temperature. The distribution of the temperature field in the cylindrical billet under the cooling process are found before the stamping process starts and meets the requirements to be less than maximum temperature change within the cylindrical billet. The temperature distribution is determined as the initial condition for solving the heat conduction problem and considers the thermal contact in the interaction zones of the blank-stamp, blank-punch or blank-matrix, when modeling the technological operation of draft or molding respectively. The diagrams of die and punch forces that appear during the plastic deformation of the cylindrical workpiece for two variations of a cylindrical billet’s initial heating under regular temperature field distribution and its nonuniform field caused by induction heating were defined and built. The analysis of the temperature and force field within the die and punch have proved the technological heredity in determining the rational parameters of the bearing ring’s manufacturing process to be considered.