Про підвищення екологічної ефективності парку котельних установок у сучасних умовах

Abstract

Серед галузей виробництва екологічно найбільш агрессивною є енергетика, а серед її об’єктів –котельні установки. Склалася необхідність спільного вирішення проблеми зниження шкідливого впливу котельних установок на природне середовище та про-блеми корисного впливу їх на світову енергетику. До котельних установок, що відпрацювали частину ресурсу працездатності та викидають у зовнішнє середовище значну кількість забруднюючих шкідливих рнечовин, доцільно застосовувати часткове онов-лення, при якому екологічно покращується топковий процес. Застарілі установки в перспективі доцільно замінити еквівалентними за потужністю альтернативними джерелами енергії. Mankind has created a multi-industry production. Its facilities have a harmful effect on the environment. And it resulted in a global environ-mental problem that has currently arisen.Among the branches of world production, energy is the most environmentally aggressive, and among its facilities the most aggressive are boiler plants. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of energy facilities on the state of natural environment and analyze the methods to reduce its intensity. Boiler plants are the most important element in modern power engineer-ing. Hence, there is a needfor a joint solution of the problem of reducing the harmful effect of boiler plants on the environment and the prob-lem of their useful effect on global energy. The purpose of this research is to analyze methods to solve the problem of environmental interac-tion of boiler plants with the natural environment in modern conditions resorting to their partial renewal and using alternative energy sources in the future. It is necessary to broaden the requirements to the development of the world fleet of boiler plants that should be based on the use of innovative design, technological and operational solutions to provide reliable environmental efficiency of the equipment. Since domestic boiler plants have worked out a significant part of their service life and creategreenhouse gas emissions and pollutant emissions into the atmosphere polluting thus water runoff and producing solid waste, it is advisable to continue to operate them in the mode of partial renewal. The partial renewal results in the reduction of the harmful effect of boiler plants on the environment due to the ecological improvement of the combustion process. Low-power worn-out boiler plants should be stopped and electricity should be supplied to consumers instead of steam. The problem of replacing obsolete boiler plants should be solved by using new energy sources of equivalent power, by creating and commis-sioning new highly efficient power plants that convert the energy of water, wind, geothermal sources, and solar energy.