Study of Advantages and Disadvantages of Transport Innovations and Forms of Their Commercialization

Abstract

The report presents the results of the study of modern directions of innovative development of transport technologies. It is proved that innovative solutions in the transport sector contribute to reducing costs, increasing the efficiency of transportation, reducing the environmental impact and improving the quality of service. technologies aimed at improving the safety, convenience and environmental sustainability of transport systems. Electric vehicles, alternative energy sources, drones (drones for transporting goods and passengers), intelligent transport systems, magnetic levitation, urban mobility and micromobility, autonomous transport (unmanned cars), and environmentally friendly transport solutions were identified as the object of the study. It has been identified that electric vehicles are key innovations in the modern transport sector, aimed at reducing the negative impact of transport on the environment and improving energy efficiency. Alternative energy sources for transport are also included in the scope of priority innovation areas in the transport sector. Their development is related to hydrogen fuel cells, which involve the use of hydrogen to generate electricity through a chemical reaction. For each of the identified priority innovative areas of development, advantages and disadvantages have been identified, as well as technical, technological and economic prerequisites for their further development have been formed. intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data, the development of "smart" transport. It is substantiated that the wide dissemination and further improvement of the results of innovation activity in the transport sector is closely related to the processes of commercialization of innovative technologies. It is proved that the commercialization of transport innovations involves the adaptation of new technologies for practical use in order to obtain economic benefits and increase the competitiveness of transport enterprises. The report proposes for practical use a list of forms and methods of commercialization of transport innovative technologies. It has been proved that in the field of transport provision, the most effective methods of commercialization of innovations will be models of licensing, franchising, joint venture, open commercialization, direct sale of transport services, startups and spin-offs, investment models, rental and subscription models. For each of the identified forms of commercialization of transport technologies, the conditions for their effective use and possible difficulties in the process of commercialization are determined and substantiated. The study of forms of commercialization is necessary for the successful introduction of transport innovations to the market.