Кафедра "Фізика"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7578

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/tef

Кафедра "Фізика" створена у 2016 році шляхом об'єднання кафедри "Загальна та експериментальна фізика" і кафедри "Теоретична та експериментальна фізика", заснованої в 1972 році. .

У 1885 р. для викладання в інституті курсу фізики на посаду ад’юнкт-професора був запрошений магістр фізики приват-доцент Харківського університету Олександр Костянтинович Погорілко. У різні роки на кафедрі працювали видатні вчені-фізики: Пільчиков Н. Д., Латишев Г. Д., Обреїмов І. В., Пінес Б. Я., Ландау Л. Д., Корсунський М. І., Веркин Б. І., Дмитренко І. М., Базакуца В. А., Кулик І. О., Янсон І. К., Басс Ф. Г. Гуревич Ю. Г., Косевич В. М., Кукушкін Л. С. та ін.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту комп'ютерного моделювання, прикладної фізики та математики Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 2 доктора та 16 кандидатів фізико-математичних наук, 2 кандидата технічних наук, 1 кандидат педагогічних наук; 2 співробітника мають звання професора, 12 – доцента.

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Effect of aging on thermoelectric properties of the Bi2Te3 polycrystals and thin films
(Науково-технологічний комплекс "Інститут монокристалів", 2021) Rogacheva, E. I.; Doroshenko, A. N.; Novak, K. V.; Sipatov, A. Yu.; Khramova, T. I.; Saenko, S. A.
The temperature dependences (77-300 K) of the thermoelectric (TE) properties (the Seebeck coefficient S, electrical conductivity σ, Hall coefficient RH, Hall charge mobility μH>, and TE power factor P) were studied for freshly prepared and for exposed to air at room temperature during 5 years p-Bi2Te3 (60.0 at.% Te) and n-Bi2Te3 (62.8 at.% Te) polycrystals and thin films grown from them by thermal evaporation in vacuum. It was found that after aging, in the p- and n-Bi2Te3 bulk crystals and in the n-type film obtained from the n-Bi2Te3 crystal, type of conductivity is reserved but the p-type film obtained from the p-Bi2Te3 crystal, change the type of conductivity from hole to electronic. The activation energies of possible defect states were determined using the RH(T) dependences. After aging, at the temperatures close to room temperature, the p values of n-Bi2Te3 and p-Bi2Te3 polycrystals decreases by ~ 20 %, but p values of the n-type film grown from n-Bi2Te3 crystal increases by 20-30 %. In the p-type film obtained from p-Bi2Te3 polycrystal, and having changed the type of conductivity after aging, the p values exceed the p values of a film obtained from n-Bi2Te3 polycrystal by ~ 35 % at 250 K and by 25 % at 300 K, remaining at these temperatures below the p values for n-Bi2Te3 polycrystal after aging by ~ 15 %.
Effect of deviation from stoichiometry on transport and mechanical properties of Bi2Se3 polycrystals
(AIP Publishing, 2021) Menshikova, S. I.; Rogacheva, E. I.
The dependences of electrical conductivity, the Hall coefficient, the Seebeck coefficient, thermoelectric power factor and microhardness of Bi2Se3 polycrystals on the degree of deviation from stoichiometry 59.9–60.0 at. % Se and temperature (77–300 K) were obtained. The samples exhibited n-type conductivity in the studied ranges of compositions and temperatures. The boundaries of the Bi2Se3 homogeneity region were estimated. A non-monotonic behavior of the concentration dependences of the properties in the studied composition range, associated with a change in the phase composition and defect structure under the deviation from stoichiometry, was observed. The calculation of the power coefficient in the temperature dependence of electron mobility showed that in a stoichiometric Bi2Se3, electrons are predominantly scattered by acoustic phonons, and under the deviation from stoichiometry the contribution of impurity scattering increases. Based on the experimental data, the Fermi energy EF was calculated in the approximation of the relaxation time and within the framework of the single-band model with a quadratic dispersion law. The obtained values of EF showed that both in stoichiometric and non- stoichiometric Bi2Se3, the conduction is mainly due to electrons in the lower conduction subband.
Percolation transition and physical properties of Bi1-xSbx solid solutions at low Bi concentration
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Rogacheva, E. I.; Doroshenko, A. N.; Khramova, T. I.; Nashchekina, O. N.; Fedorov, A. G.; Mateychenko, P. V.
The dependences of microhardness H, electrical conductivity σ, charge carrier mobility μH, the Seebeck coefficient S, and thermoelectric power factor P = S2σ on the composition of Bi1-xSbx solid solutions in the vicinity of pure Sb (x = 1.0–0.975) were obtained. In the range of x = 0.9925–0.9875, an anomalous decrease in H and S and increase in σ and μH with increasing Bi concentration were observed. For all the alloys, the dependences of H on the load on an indenter G were plotted. It was found that the H(G) dependences for samples with x smaller than ~ 0.99 and for samples with x exceeding 0.99, exhibit different behavior. The results obtained are interpreted on the basis of our assumption about the existence of a percolation-type phase transition from impurity discontinuum to impurity continuum that occurs in any solid solution.
Percolation effects and self-organization processes in cold-pressed Bi2(Te1−xSex)3 solid solutions
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Rogacheva, E. I.; Martynova, E. V.; Shelest, T. N.; Doroshenko, A. N.; Nashchekina, O. N.
It was established that the dependences of thermoelectric and mechanical properties of cold-pressed Bi2(Te1−xSex)3 alloys on composition (x = 0–0.07) exhibit a non-monotonic behavior in certain concentration ranges: an anomalous decrease in the Seebeck coefficient, thermoelectric power factor, and microhardness, and increase in electrical conductivity with increasing x. We observed similar anomalies earlier for cast Bi2(Te1−xSex)3 alloys and explained them by percolation and self-organization phenomena. Thus, the existence of the anomalies does not depend on the method of sample preparation. However, in pressed samples as compared to cast ones conductivity type changes from p to n and thermoelectric power factor increases.
Temperature and magnetic field dependences of thermoelectric properties of Bi1-xSbx solid solutions in the range x = 0-0.25
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Rogacheva, E. I.; Doroshenko, A. N.; Nashchekina, O. N.
Bi1–xSbx solid solutions are the best n-type thermoelectric materials for use at temperatures ≤200 K. An important parameter determining material’s figure of merit is charge carrier concentration. To determine it correctly, one should carry out measurements in a weak magnetic field. On the basis of the magnetic field dependences of the Hall coefficient and magnetoresistance, the dependences of the weak magnetic field boundary Bc on composition (x = 0–0.25) and temperature (T = 77–300 K) for polycrystalline Bi1–xSbx alloys were plotted. It was established that the Bc(x) dependences exhibit a non-monotonic behavior which is attributed to the existence of electronic phase transitions.
Size effects and thermoelectric properties of Bi0.98Sb0.02 thin films
(Institute of Thermoelectricity National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2020) Rogacheva, E. I.; Novak, K. V.; Orlova, D. S.; Nashchekina, O. N.; Sipatov, A. Yu.; Lisachuk, G. V.
The room-temperature dependences of thermoelectric properties (the Seebeck coefficient S, the electrical conductivity σ, the Hall coefficient RH, and the thermoelectric power factor P = S2·σ) on the thickness (d = 5 - 250 nm) of the Bi0.98Sb0.02 solid solution thin films grown on mica substrates by thermal evaporation in vacuum from a single source were obtained. It is shown that the monotonic component of the σ(d) dependence is well described within the framework of the Fuchs-Sondheimer theory for the classical size effect. The presence of an oscillating component in the d-dependences of σ, S, RH and S2·σ is attributed to the manifestation of the quantum size effect, and the experimentally determined period of quantum oscillations Δd = 45 ± 5 nm is in good agreement with the Δd value calculated theoretically within the framework of the model of an infinitely deep potential well. Bibl. 77, Fig. 1.
Thermal conductivity of PbSe1-xTex (x = 0 – 0.04) solid solutions
(Institute of Thermoelectricity National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2020) Nikolaenko, G. O.; Vodoriz, O. S.; Rogacheva, E. I.; Tavrina, T. V.; Lisachuk, G. V.
The dependence of lattice thermal conductivity λL of pressed samples of PbSe1-xTex solid solutions on the composition (x = 0 – 0.04) at a temperature of 325 K is obtained. The λL(х) curve shows a maximum near х = 0.0075. Measurement of the temperature dependence of λL in the range of 150-600 K showed that a concentration anomaly in the same range of compositions is also observed on the composition dependence of power factor β in the temperature dependence of λL . The non-monotonic character of the λL(х) and β(х) dependences is associated with critical phenomena accompanying the transition of the percolation type from dilute to concentrated solid solutions. In the study and practical application of PbSe1-xTex solid solutions, it is necessary to take into account the non monotonic nature of the change in thermal conductivity with composition. Bibl. 15, Fig. 3.
Effect of Deviation from Stoichiometry on Thermal Conductivity of Bi2Se3 Polycrystals
(Institute of Thermoelectricity National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2020) Menshikova, S. I.; Rogacheva, E. I.
The dependences of electronic and lattice thermal conductivity on the composition (59.9 - 60.0) at. % Se of Bi2Se3 polycrystals subjected to a long-term annealing at 650 K. A non-monotonic behavior of these concentration dependences, associated with a change in the phase composition and defect structure under the deviation from stoichiometry, was observed. The boundaries of the Bi2Se3 homogeneity region were estimated. The results of the present work confirm those obtained earlier in our study of the effect of deviation from stoichiometry (59.9 - 60.0 at.% Se) on the electrical conductivity, Hall coefficient, Seebeck coefficient and microhardness of Bi2Se3polycrystals after a similar preparation technology.
Galvanomagnetic properties of polycrystalline Bi₁₋ₓSbₓ solid solutions in the concentration range x = 0-0.25
(Науково-технологічний комплекс "Інститут монокристалів", 2020) Rogacheva, E. I.; Doroshenko, A. N.; Drozdova, A. A.; Nashchekina, O. N.; Men'shov, Yu. V.
The dependences of the Hall coefficient, electrical conductivity, magnetoresistance, electron and hole concentration and mobility on the Bi₁₋ₓSbₓ solid solution composition in the concentration range x = 0-0.25 at 77 and 300 K in magnetic fields 1 T and 0.05 T were obtained. It was shown that all the dependences exhibit a distinct nonmonotonic oscillating behavior at both temperatures and in both magnetic fields. The presence of concentration-dependent anomalies of galvanomagnetic properties is attributed to critical phenomena accompanying the percolation-type transition from dilute to concentrated solid solutions and electronic phase transitions: a transition to a gapless state, the semimetal – semiconductor transition, and indirect – direct band gap semiconductor transition.
Transport properties of the bismuth telluride thin films with different stoichiometry in the temperature range 77-300 K
(Науково-технологічний комплекс "Інститут монокристалів", 2020) Rogacheva, E. I.; Novak, K. V.; Doroshenko, A. N.; Nashchekina, O. N.; Budnik, A. V.
The objects of the present study are thin films with thicknesses d = 45-620 nm prepared by thermal evaporation in vacuum from a single source, using undoped p- and n-type Bi₂Te₃ polycrystals with different stoichiometry (60.0 and 62.8 at. % Te, respectively) as a charge, and subsequent condensation on glass substrates at 500 K. The temperature dependences of the Hall coefficient Rн, electrical conductivity σ, and Hall charge carrier mobility μн of thin films were obtained in the range 77-300 K. It was found that the films had the same type of conductivity as the initial polycrystals in the entire temperature range studied and, like in the initial crystals, σ and μн decreased with increasing temperature. The exponents ν in the μн(T) dependences for the bulk polycrystals were larger than those for the films and increased with increasing d. In contrast to the p-type bulk polycrystals, Rн of the p-type films decreased under increasing temperature. In the n-type Bi₂Te₃, Rн decreased with temperature for both thin films and bulk crystals, however, the character of the Rн(T) dependences for the crystals and films differed. The decrease in Rн with temperature before the range of intrinsic conductivity in all thin films is attributed to the existence of donor and acceptor defect states.

Кафедра "Фізика"

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