Кафедра "Безпека праці та навколишнього середовища"

The influence of a solid phase concentration in the model sludges of wet gas purification, as well as the flocculant consumption, on a change in the solid phase sedimentation rate and the strength of floccules has been examined. This is important because fluctuations in the solid phase concentration in waste water represent an uncontrolled process that significantly affects the kinetics of the solid phase sedimentation and leads to an increase in the flocculant consumption. We have proposed a procedure for determining the sedimentation rate of the flocculated sludge and the strength of floccules following the hydromechanical influence, which takes into consideration the solid phase concentration and the flocculant consumption. The study was carried out on model waste water, synthesized by mixing the dust from dry gas purification at actual production site with water. It has been determined that the solid phase concentration affects the rate of floccule deposition. It has been established that the optimum conditions for aggregate formation within a given model system are observed at the solid phase concentration in the interval 8–12 g/l. Increasing the solid phase concentration above 16 g/l decreases the floccule sedimentation rate disproportionately to the flocculant concentration. It is possible to reduce flocculant consumption and to optimize its dosage by carrying out a cleaning process taking into consideration the specified patterns. It was established that the hydromechanical influence on aggregates exerts the destructive effect, whose degree depends on the solid phase concentration. In particular, increasing the rate of fluid motion leads to greater damage to floccules than increasing the time for a less intense exposure. The way to minimize the destructive effect on floccules could be lowering the suspension transportation speed resulting from a decrease in the installation performance or through the increased cross-section of the channel (a pipeline). An increase in the solid phase concentration of the model system above 16 g/l is accompanied by a significant reduction in the strength of floccules. Therefore, when designing wastewater treatment plants that utilize flocculants, it is necessary to provide optimum conditions for aggregation and to minimize the hydromechanical effects on floccules by lowering the velocity of fluid motion.

Изучена кинетика осаждения кристаллов хлорида натрия, полученного по различным технологиям, в насыщенном водном растворе и растворах, содержащих гидроксид и карбонаты аммония. Установлено граничное значение плотности суспензии, обеспечивающее отсутствие эффекта стесненного осаждения. Результаты обобщены в виде математических зависимостей

Кафедра "Безпека праці та навколишнього середовища"

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