Кафедра "Гідравлічні машини ім. Г. Ф. Проскури"
Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/2767
Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/gdm
Від 2021 року кафедра має назву "Гідравлічні машини імені Г. Ф. Проскури", попередня назва – "Гідравлічні машини" (від 1930 року).
Кафедра заснована на основі гідравлічної лабораторії у 1914 році академіком Г. Ф. Проскурою, первісна назва – кафедра гідромеханіки. У 1923 році була створена кафедра “Авіації”, якою керував також Г. Ф. Проскура, на базі якої в 1930 році був створений Харківський авіаційний інститут (нині Національний аерокосмічний університет “ХАІ”), а кафедра гідромеханіки перейменована в кафедру “Гідравлічні машини”. 2 липня 2021 року кафедра перейменована на честь Георгія Федоровича Проскури – видатного вченого, засновника наукової школи гідромашинобудування і авіації в Україні, члена Президії і голови Відділення технічних наук АН України, заслуженого діяча науки і техніки.
Кафедра "Гідравлічні машини імені Г. Ф. Проскури" готує майбутніх фахівців нової генерації в галузі цифрової гідравліки, гідравлічних машини та гідропневмоприводів, що використовуються практично в усіх галузях промисловості.
Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту механічної інженерії і транспорту Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".
У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють 2 доктора технічних наук, 10 кандидатів технічних наук; 2 співробітника мають звання професора, 8 – доцента.
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Документ Numerical study of flow parameters in the high-head francis turbine(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2024) Krupa, Yevhenii; Demchuk, RomanThe scientific exploration of numerical computation regarding spatial flow within hydraulic machinery components is examined. A survey of contemporary software systems is conducted, and the benefits of their utilization over experimental studies are evaluated. It is indicated that the optimal approach involves a blend of experimental investigations and numerical simulation. This methodology facilitates the validation of simulation outcomes under real-world conditions and iteratively enhances the model based on acquired data. A review of the widely utilized Ansys software program is provided, emphasizing its pivotal features and capabilities for analyzing flow components of hydraulic turbines. An algorithm for computing flow parameters in hydraulic turbines using the Ansys software suite is outlined. The subject of this study is the high-head Francis hydraulic turbine Fr 500. The turbine's geometry was constructed employing a sector-based approach. This technique allows for significant simplification of calculations within the computational fluid dynamics framework, thereby reducing computational workload while preserving result accuracy. In selecting mathematical and turbulence models, a comprehensive analysis of the problem was undertaken, identifying models most suitable for the specific situation to ensure dependable numerical simulation outcomes. For spatial flow calculations in the turbine's flow component, the standard k-ε turbulence model was adopted. Considerable attention was devoted to mesh generation, as mesh quality strongly influences result accuracy and reliability. An unstructured mesh comprising tetrahedral-shaped cells was employed for discretizing the flow component, with local mesh refinement at the edges of the runner blades and guide vanes. As a result of numerical computations, the values of primary flow parameters for the design operating mode were determined. A visualization of the flow within the flow component is provided, alongside the assessment of hydraulic losses and turbine efficiency. The efficiency values obtained differ from corresponding experimental values by no more than 1 %. A thorough examination of the flow structure within the flow path was conducted, yielding recommendations for adjusting the blade angle β1 to reduce inlet impact losses.Документ Comparative analysis of software systems for hydraulic turbine flow simulation(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2023) Krupa, Y. S.; Demchuk, R. M.; Volobuiev, A. V.; Kis, S. L.A comprehensive review of modern software complexes used for calculating spatial flow in hydraulic turbine flow parts was conducted. The widely used software system, Ansys, was analyzed. An overview of Ansys was provided, including its history, popularity within the CFD community, key features, and capabilities for analyzing the flow parts of hydraulic turbines. The preprocessing tools, solver parameters, post-processing functions, and visualization capabilities of Ansys were described. The advantages and limitations of using Ansys for calculating spatial flow in hydraulic turbine flow parts were analyzed. The open-source CFD software complex, OpenFOAM, was discussed. The main functions and capabilities of the OpenFOAM program were described. Information about solver libraries, meshing capabilities, advantages, and limitations for analyzing hydraulic turbines was presented, along with insights into the support from the scientific community and resources available to OpenFOAM users. SolidWorks FlowSimulation, which integrates with SolidWorks software, was examined. The unique features of SolidWorks FlowSimulation for analyzing spatial flow in hydraulic turbines were highlighted. The possibilities of CAD integration and the advantages of accurate geometric models were discussed. The capabilities of parametric analysis were explored, and the advantages and limitations of using SolidWorks FlowSimulation for calculating spatial flow in hydraulic turbine flow parts were analyzed. A comparison of the three software complexes was conducted based on their capabilities, ease of use, accuracy, computational resources required, and cost. An assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of each program was provided, along with recommendations for choosing the most suitable program based on specific use cases, objectives, and user requirements. This article serves as a valuable resource for engineers, designers, and researchers seeking insights into the available software systems for analyzing hydraulic turbine flow parts. It enables them to make informed decisions in selecting the most suitable software system based on their specific requirements, ultimately contributing to the optimization of hydraulic turbine performance and efficiency.Документ Modern software for the numerical study of flow in hydraulic machines(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2022) Krupa, Y. S.; Demchuk, YevheniiaIn the past few decades, the field of developing computer software systems has been actively developing, which in turn leads to competition in the software market. Qualified engineers working in the hydroturbine industry must be able to use a computer not only at the user level, but also at the programmer level in order to program modules for their own needs based on existing software systems. Recently, numerical simulation has become applicable to an ever wider class of flows, replacing experimental research methods. Certain numerical models are characterized by different areas of applicability and expenditures of computational resources. The paper provides an analytical review of modern CFD software systems. The advantages and disadvantages of these programs are analyzed in terms of building a three-dimensional model of the object of study, creating a computational grid, setting boundary conditions and visualizing the calculation results. The analysis and comparison of existing mathematical models that used to calculate the spatial flow in the flow path of hydraulic machines has been carried out. There are many different programs for solving hydrodynamic problems, some of the advanced commercial software systems are Ansys, SolidWorks Flow Simulation, Autodesk CFD. There are also open source software products. These automatic design systems make it possible not only to perform high-quality modeling of systems of various physical nature, but also to study the response of these systems to external influences in the form of distributions of pressures, temperatures, and velocities. The calculation algorithms in the programs are similar; the distinctive features of the programs can be evaluated according to the following criteria: grid generation, accuracy, reliability (convergence), calculation speed, model physics, system flexibility. The use of modern software packages for studying the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow in hydraulic machines significantly reduces the time and material resources in comparison with physical modeling.Документ Использование программного комплекса CFD для определения гидродинамических характеристик проточных частей гидравлических машин(НТУ "ХПИ", 2018) Резвая, Ксения Сергеевна; Крупа, Евгений Сергеевич; Тыньянова, Ирина Ивановна; Недовесов, Владлен Александрович; Кухтенков, Юрий МихайловичВ последние годы был достигнут существенный прогресс в создании методов моделирования и расчета течений жидкости, которые позволяют выполнять расчет со столь высокой достоверностью полученных результатов, необходимый объем эксперимента во многих случаях сводится к минимуму. Все современные пакеты программ решают задачи механики сплошной среды, используя модели, построенные на основе уравнений Навье-Стокса. В основу этих моделей входят три уравнения сохранения: сохранения массы, сохранения импульса и сохранения энергии. Программный комплекс CFD предназначен для моделирования трехмерных течений жидкости и газа в технических и природных объектах, а также визуализации этих течений методами компьютерной графики. Были рассмотрены варианты проведения гидродинамических расчетов в различных типах гидравлических машинах с использованием пакета программ CFD. Процесс решения поставленных гидродинамических задач с помощью программного комплекса CFD включает в себя следующие этапы: создание трехмерной модели рассматриваемого объекта с помощью системы автоматического проектирования; построение расчетной сетки с необходимыми параметрами; выбор математической модели, наиболее точно описывающей рабочий процесс в проточных частях гидромашин; выбор подходящей модели турбулентности; задание граничных условий. Проведены численные исследования пространственного течения жидкости в проточных частях гидравлических машин на примере капсульной гидротурбины, обратимой гидравлической машины в насосном и турбинном режимах работы, радиально-осевой гидротурбины. Представлены результаты расчетов, а именно визуализация потока в виде полей распределения скоростей и давления. Проведен анализ сходимости результатов численного исследования с экспериментальными данными на основе сравнения значений гидравлического коэффициента полезного действия рассматриваемых гидромашин.Документ Mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic characteristics in the inlet of a reversible hydraulic machine based on mathematical models(НТУ "ХПИ", 2017) Drankovskiy, Viktor Eduardovich; Rezvaya, Kseniya SergeevnaMathematical models that allow determining the hydrodynamic flow characteristics in the inlet of reversible hydraulic machines are considered. The features of the fluid flow are described. An analysis of the operating conditions of a reversible hydraulic machine, carried out during the design of the water passage, is made. Types of energy losses, taking into account the spatial effects of a viscous fluid, are determined. A group of mathematical models, oriented at different stages of design, is developed. A new way to the design of the water passage based on the experimental results is proposed. Specific programs for the design of the water passage of reversible hydraulic machines are considered. Features of mathematical models are defined.