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Документ Теоретична оцінка раціональних витрат латексного реагенту при селективній флокуляції тонкодисперсного вугілля(Український державний науково-дослідний вуглехімічний інститут, 2020) Сергєєв, Павло Всеволодович; Круть, Олександр Анатолійович; Білецький, Володимир СтефановичСтаття присвячена одній з найбільш складних проблем вугільних технологій – переробці тонкодисперсного (-100-200 мкм) і особливо ультратонкого (-50 мкм) вугілля. Ефективність традиційних гравітаційних та флотаційних технологій суттєво зменшується зі зменшенням крупності збагачуваного вугілля. Одним з перспективних напрямків вилучення такого вугілля з рядової вугільної маси в концентрат є флокуляційно-флотаційна технологія, яка передбачає селективну флокуляцію ультратонкого (-50 мкм) вугілля перед флотацією із застосуванням синтетичних латексних реагентів. Авторами виконано теоретичний аналіз і аналітична оцінка раціональних витрат латексного флокулянта в процесі селективної флокуляції ультра тонкого (-50 мкм) вугілля у рамках флокуляційно-флотаційної технології його збагачення.Документ Optimization of floccular cleaning and drainage of thin dispersed sludges(Scientific Route, Estonia, 2020) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Briankin, Oleksandr; Rykusova, Nadegda; Hetta, Oksana S.; Raiko, Valentina; Tseitlin, MusiiThe efficiency of solid phase retention and dehydration of finely dispersed products of a coal processing plant and a metallur gical enterprise on the module for cleaning and dewatering sludge is investigated. A technique for selecting the operating parameters of equipment based on the determination of the strength criterion of flocs is proposed. A methodology for technological tests has been developed to control the flocculation process and optimize the flow of flocculant depending on the concentration of the solid phase. Industrial tests on the module for wastewater treatment and sludge dewatering using flocculants proved the effectiveness of the developed methodology. It is shown that the conditions for conducting tests on flocculation should correspond to the operating conditions of the circuit apparatus for cleaning and dewatering sludge. These conditions include sludge performance, sludge flow rate in the cross section of pipes and apparatuses, and the flow time from the flocculator to the centrifuge. During the testing of the Module, the solids retention efficiency of 97–99 % was achieved with the strength criteria of flocs in front of a centrifuge of 2–2.5 mm/s. The conditions for the high efficiency of the apparatus chain are the optimization of the aggregation process itself. It is revealed that for the formation of strong flocs it is necessary to regulate the concentration of the solid phase. For coal sludge, the concentration of the solid phase before the flocculant is fed must be maintained no higher than 50–60 g/l, and for gas treatment sludge – no higher than 20–25 g/l. Correction of the concentration of sludge before the flocculator is possible by diluting it with clarified water to the optimum concentration for aggregation. It is found that the moisture content of the sediment and the efficiency of the retention of the solid phase depend on the strength criterion of the flocs. Therefore, the optimization of the flocculant flow rate is possible by controlling and the residual floccule deposition rate after mechanical action in front of the dewatering equipment. The flocculant flow rate must be adjusted depending on the concentration of the solid phase in the sludge to achieve the desired criterion for the strength of the flocs.Документ Studying patterns in the flocculation of sludges from wet gas treatment in metallurgical production(PC Technology center, 2019) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Briankin, Oleksandr; Tseitlin, Musii; Raiko, Valentina; Hetta, Oksana S.The influence of a solid phase concentration in the model sludges of wet gas purification, as well as the flocculant consumption, on a change in the solid phase sedimentation rate and the strength of floccules has been examined. This is important because fluctuations in the solid phase concentration in waste water represent an uncontrolled process that significantly affects the kinetics of the solid phase sedimentation and leads to an increase in the flocculant consumption. We have proposed a procedure for determining the sedimentation rate of the flocculated sludge and the strength of floccules following the hydromechanical influence, which takes into consideration the solid phase concentration and the flocculant consumption. The study was carried out on model waste water, synthesized by mixing the dust from dry gas purification at actual production site with water. It has been determined that the solid phase concentration affects the rate of floccule deposition. It has been established that the optimum conditions for aggregate formation within a given model system are observed at the solid phase concentration in the interval 8–12 g/l. Increasing the solid phase concentration above 16 g/l decreases the floccule sedimentation rate disproportionately to the flocculant concentration. It is possible to reduce flocculant consumption and to optimize its dosage by carrying out a cleaning process taking into consideration the specified patterns. It was established that the hydromechanical influence on aggregates exerts the destructive effect, whose degree depends on the solid phase concentration. In particular, increasing the rate of fluid motion leads to greater damage to floccules than increasing the time for a less intense exposure. The way to minimize the destructive effect on floccules could be lowering the suspension transportation speed resulting from a decrease in the installation performance or through the increased cross-section of the channel (a pipeline). An increase in the solid phase concentration of the model system above 16 g/l is accompanied by a significant reduction in the strength of floccules. Therefore, when designing wastewater treatment plants that utilize flocculants, it is necessary to provide optimum conditions for aggregation and to minimize the hydromechanical effects on floccules by lowering the velocity of fluid motion.Документ Improving the ecological safety of potato chips production by devising a method for wastewater treatment and recycling(PC Technology Center, 2021) Hetta, Oksana S.; Shestopalov, Oleksii; Duhanets, Viktor; Shubravska, Olena; Rudkovskyi, Oleksandr; Paraniak, Nаdiia; Riazanova-Khytrovska, N. V.; Maksimenko, OlenaThe study deals with determining the effectiveness of mechanical and physical and chemical methods for the treatment of wastewater of potato chips enterprises. It was established that the wastewater that is formed at different stages of production differ in composition. Wastewater after washing and peeling potatoes is contaminated mainly with suspended soil substances of about 500 mg/l, which are not settled, and also has soluble organic substances with a value of COD of about 1,000 mg/l. It was found that the use of coagulation-flocculation treatment makes it possible to get clear water suitable for reuse for washing potatoes. Coagulant – aluminum sulfate in the amount of 250 mg/l turned out to be effective to destroy the stability of the dispersed system. To intensify the sedimentation of coagulated flakes of suspended particles, non-ionogenic flocculant, which is recommended to be dosed after the introduction of coagulant in the amount of 2.5 ml/l, was selected. Analysis of clarified water indicates a decrease in the concentration of suspended particles up to 26 mg/l and a decrease in COD and BOD5 to values of 262 mg/l and 176 mg/l, respectively. The completed studies made it possible to propose a circuit of treatment of wastewater after washing potatoes, which consists of pre-filtering, reagent treatment, water clarification, and sediment dehydration. This circuit makes it possible to intensively clean the water to the standards of its discharge into the sewage network. However, additional disinfection of water with oxidizers, for example, ozone, was proposed for the reuse of clarified water to wash vegetables at an enterprise itself. The use of the proposed circuit of intensive water treatment will allow increasing the environmental safety of the production of potato chips by preventing environmental contamination through reducing the volume of tap water consumption.Документ A study of the flocculs strength of polydisperse coal suspensions to mechanical influences(Scientific Route, 2017) Shkop, Andrii; Tseitlin, Musii; Shestopalov, Oleksii; Raiko, ValentinaThe effect of the concentration and disperse composition on the flocculation strength to mechanical influence is investigated. It is found that the residual rate of floccules sedimentation after the mechanical influence at a constant rate of flocculant has a maximum value at a concentration of solids in the slime in the range of 7–30 g/dm3. The best results are obtained in all the experiments at a solids concentration of 10 g/l. It is found that at a concentration up to 7 g/l and more than 30 g/l, the floccules is formed. They have the lowest residual rate after mechanical influences. With increasing content of the solid fraction of 40–100 microns over 15 %, the strength of floccules increases. They retain their shape and relatively high sedimentation rate even after mechanical influence. The obtained data allow to recommend correction of the slime composition before flocculant injection both the concentration close to the optimum, and the content of size fraction of 40–100 mm more than 15 %.Документ Study of the strength of flocculated structures of polydispersed coal suspensions(Технологічний центр, 2017) Shkop, Andrii; Tseitlin, Musii; Shestopalov, Oleksii; Raiko, ValentinaThe influence of concentration, dispersed composition and degree of thickening of the flocculated slime on the strength of floccules was studied. It was revealed that for the formation of durable aggregates of polydispersed coal slime it is recommended to apply the combination of the non-ionogenic and anionogenic flocculant in the ratio of 20:80 % respectively. It was established that the residual sedimentation rate of floccules after mechanical influence at the constant consumption of the flocculant has the greatest value at the concentration of solid phase in slime of 10–30 g/dm3. With an increase in the content of the portion of solid phase with coarseness of more than 40 µm, the strength of floccules increases to the larger degree than the influence of the initial concentration. This makes it possible to recommend the correction of the slime composition not only by the concentration, but also by the content of medium grade of more than 15–20 %. It was shown that with an increase in the degree of thickening of more than 140–150 g/l the resistance of aggregates to mechanical influence substantially decreases due to an increase in pseudo-plastic properties of flocculated slime.Документ Исследование кинетики оседания твердой фазы полидисперсных суспензий(НТУ "ХПИ", 2016) Шкоп, Андрей Александрович; Цейтлин, Моисей Абрамович; Шестопалов, Алексей ВалерьевичИсследована кинетика оседания проб шлама различной концентрации и дисперсного состава. Определено, что скорость осаждения частиц твердой фазы шлама снижается при повышении ее концентрации и увеличении доли мелкодисперсной фракции. Присутствие фракции размером более 40 мкм в шламе снижает расход флокулянта в несколько раз и интесифицирует процесс флокулообразования. Установлено, что для достижения одинаковых скоростей оседания для различных по дисперсному составу или концентрации твердой фазы суспензий требуется разное количество флокулянта. Наилучшие результаты по флокуляции с минимальным расходом полимера получены при более низких концентрациях твердой фазы.