Study of the Theoretical and Methodological Essence of Transport Technologies

Abstract

A study of theoretical and methodological provisions characterizing transport technology as an economic category is carried out. A classification of technologies according to the criterion of the scope of their application is proposed, and the place and role of transport technology in this system is determined. A critical analysis of the existing definitions of the designation of "transport technology" is carried out and on this basis its author's definition is proposed. The term "transport technology" is proposed to be understood as a set of methods, processes, means and techniques, the use of which ensures the movement of goods and passengers from one place to another. It is determined that the methodological essence of transport technology is in a systematic scientific approach to the design, development, implementation and management of technological processes in the field of transport. This methodology includes a number of principles, methods and tools aimed at the effective use of technology to solve transport problems. The basic principles of the formation of transport technologies are proposed and substantiated, which the authors for the first time attributed the principles of technology integration, scientific justification, flexibility and adaptability, social and inclusive accessibility. The use of methodological features of transport technologies in practice presupposes the formation of the most important tasks and functions for them. The report has developed and substantiated a system of basic tasks to be performed by transport technologies. For each task, its main function is defined, which characterizes the effectiveness and efficiency of solving this task. For the first time, one of the main tasks facing transport technologies is the development of a new generation of military drones, which includes various technological and strategic aspects. The function of this task is to obtain real-time intelligence information about enemy forces and delivering combat strikes with kamikaze drones. It has been proven that transport technologies have significant differences from technologies that are used in industry, construction, agriculture and other branches of material production. As the main authors, the authors substantiate the differences in the impact of technologies on their object, in the purpose and scope of application, in the level of stationarity of use, in the areas of innovative activity, in the impact on the final results of the economic sectors. Although these types of technologies have their own unique characteristics, they are often intertwined in today's world, as the development of transport and logistics often depends on innovation in industry аnd vice versa.