Вектор інтенсивного зростання економіки України: свідомий вибір та історичний досвід

Abstract

У статті досліджено проблеми економічного зростання в Україні. Підкреслено необхідність забезпечення інтенсивного типу зростання. Наведено досвід інших країн і зроблено акцент на доцільності його використання. Охарактеризовано рейтинг країн світу за глобальним інноваційним індексом, індексом глобальної конкурентоспроможності. Проаналізовано динаміку показників, що характеризують економічне зростання в Україні і світі. Виявлено резерви підвищення економічного зростання в Україні.

The article deals with the problems of economic growth in Ukraine. The subject of research is abstract theorem and practical guidelines of economic growth from the perspective of historical experience of economic development of countries with intensive type of economic growth. The aim of the article is the research of historical experience and contemporary state of economic growth of countries that primarily used the intensive type of economic growth, the analysis of indicators of economic growth in Ukraine and determination of its growth reserves. Methods of research. The article uses the following methods: analysis, synthesis, the comparative method, the unity of historical and logical methods, systematic approach. The results of research. The necessity of intensive type of development has been emphasized. The article describes the experience of other countries and emphasizes the appropriateness of applying this experience. The article characterizes the global innovation index rating of the countries of the world, the global competitive index rating. The article reveals that the countries that have used the innovative model of economics development now dominate in terms of both the global innovation index and the global competitive index rating. The article analyses the dynamics of factors that characterize economic growth in Ukraine and in the world. The article shows that the nominal GDP of Ukraine trends up over the past years, though the real GDP fluctuated and reduced most in 2015. In Ukraine GDP pre caput is much lower compared to the corresponding world figures. The reserves of economic growth have been revealed. The article offers the following measures: restructuring of economics with a priority of developing of knowledge-intensive industries; stimulating of advanced technology products by enterprises of different types of economic activity; large-scale implementation of resource-saving technologies in the production process; encouraging the consumption of inner production; investment growth, especially the inner investment by means of effective monetary and revenue policy; development of human resourcing and scientific potential. The sphere of the results implementation. The results of the research can be put into practice to provide the intensive type of economic growth.