Обороноздатність VS воєнна безпека держави: теоретико-правовий аспект

Abstract

У статті досліджено теоретичний аспект правових категорій «воєнна безпека» та «обороноздатність держави». Наголошено на відсутності конкретизації цих понять у законодавстві. Звернено увагу, що обороноздатність держави повинна забезпечуватися в мирний час, а не тільки в разі збройної агресії або воєнного конфлікту. Зазначено про необхідність визначення об’єктів обороноздатності держави. Аргументовано необхідність розкриття понять обороноздатності й воєнної безпеки крізь призму з’ясування, яке із цих понять є ширшим і які правові категорії в себе вміщує.The theoretical aspect of the legal categories “military security” and “state defense” is investigated. The lack of specificity of these concepts in the legislation is noted. It was noted that the state’s defense capability should be ensured in peacetime, and not only in the event of armed aggression or military conflict. The need to identify the objects of the state’s defense capability was noted. The necessity of disclosing the concepts of defense capability and military security through the prism of determining which of these concepts is wider and which legal categories it contains is argued. The state-building of an independent Ukrainian state is characterized by the permanent attention of the norm-maker to national security and measures to ensure it. The adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On National Security” in 2018 is a vivid example of parliamentary attention to security issues and the awareness of the need to introduce and apply updated legal standards in this area. It is considered “a positive and very important decision of the legislator that he began to use the concept of military security in the law and provided its definition, which took place for the first time not only in science, but also at the state level. Until now, the definition of the content of the definition “Military security” and its place in the system of legal norms of security-oriented, was carried out by individual scientists. In our view, in the legislative field, the defense capability of the state should be defined not only as a concept that exists or only applies in the event of armed aggression or armed conflict. According to our belief, the defense capability should be secured in peacetime, when there are no real or potential cases of armed aggression or armed conflict. And parliamentarians should foresee that defense capability is the ability of the state at any time to have the ability to ensure the stability of the national interests of the state.