Структурно-семантичний потенціал економічної термінологічної системи англійської мови: особливості перекладу номінативних одиниць

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of translation of economic terminology from the English language into Ukrainian. Structural and semantic potential of lexical units for designation of phenomena and concepts of this field is described in the aspect of its interpretation by means of the recipient language. The relevance of this vocabulary translation study is due both to the influence of economic behavior, values and processes on the non-economic factors of modern society development, as well as the use of English as a language of business and international communication for narrow industry needs. In the course of the analysis of the language sampling, a certain list with terminological nomination of thematic groups was selected, such as: the names of private and state structures, types of commercial activity, economic processes and forms of ownership, securities and currencies, names of participants in the economic system. Since the degree of semantic closeness between terminological units in the original language and in the target language reveals the professional competence of the translator, and taking into account the categorical principles of informative capacity and the high level of the system accuracy, the most productive ways of semantic derivation of terms are distinguished and described. It is revealed that the transcoding is a common way of translation of internationalisms, and two-component (or analytical) forms in the English-speaking economic nomination prevail quantitatively over one-component (or synthetic) ones. They are given preference because of their ability to convey the necessary differential features of phenomena and realities, to refine and concretize certain common concepts, translating them into the plane of narrow industry meaning. On the basis of the analysis it is proved that in the list of morphological and syntactic means the most productive are two-component structural models, with quantitative predominance of Adjective + Noun, Noun + Noun, which is related to particular requirements for translation of economic terminology, such as adequacy and accuracy.