Економічний механізм державного управління розвитком професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти

Abstract

Розглянуто концептуалізацію змісту дефініції «економічний механізм»; з’ясовано складові економічного механізму державного управління розвитком сучасної системи професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти України; доведено, що рівень освіти, кваліфікація, наукові дослідження, людський капітал впливають на темпи економічного росту регіону, країни, що професійній (професійно-технічній) освіті належить ключова роль у динаміці економічного розвитку держави. На прикладі Харківського регіону розглянуто економічну ситуацію, що склалась за останні роки у системі професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти, а також економічні методи, застосування яких допомагає Харківській обласній раді вирішувати питання подальшого розвитку й функціонування професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти; систематизовано чинники, що впливають на ефективність функціонування економічного механізму розвитком системи професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти.

There is viewed the conceptualizing of content of “economic mechanism” definition, as well as the constituents of economic mechanism of state managing modern vocational (vocation-and-technical) training’s development in Ukraine have been clarified: the outer component (financing, subsidizing, crediting, insurance, price-formation, etc.), and the inner component: (planning, forecasting, calculation of need in finance resources, standards establishing, etc.). It has been proved that education level, qualifications, scientific research, human capital influence the economic growth rates of a region, the country. On the example of Kharkiv region, there has been viewed the economic situation that has formed lately in the vocational (vocation-and-technical) training (hereinafter VTT system along with economic methods, applying of which is helping the Kharkiv oblast Council to solve the issues of its (the system’s) further functioning and development. The Kharkiv oblast Council developed and approved the programs directed at education system’s development, including VTT: Oblast Program of education development “Kharkiv region’s new education environment” for 2019-2023; Program of economic and social development of Kharkiv oblast for 2019; The Development Strategy of Kharkiv oblast till 2020 approved by the Kharkiv oblast Council decision of March 5, 2015 No 1151-VI; Program of Assisting small and medium business development in Kharkiv oblast for 2016–2020; the Concept of humanitarian policies in Kharkiv oblast till 2020. To further modernizing and development of the VTT establishments network attest the 2 training-practical centers created in the oblast. One of priority direction in this work is the introduction of the dual form of training. Considerable attention in the VTT system is paid to development of social partnership with employers, new production technologies are introduced: on the basis of VTT establishments, there operate regional training-and-practical centers that provide qualified workers’ training by the companies’ KNAUF, TRIORA, SNIEŽKA, HENKEL-BAUTEKNIK technologies. Realization of economic mechanism for state managing VTT system development is determined by the following components: optimizing the VVT establishments’ network with taking into consideration their specialization and economic efficiency through consolidating the existing education establishments; improvement of management and financing system of VTT establishments; systematic interaction with enterprises employing skilled graduates in working professions; co-operation with social partners, enterprises, organizations, institutions concerning quality training of skilled specialists in working professions; performing modernization of VTT establishments’ materiel-and-technical base through introduction of innovative-communicational and innovative production technologies to the training process; conduction of monitoring research of efficiency in the main directions of VTT establishments’ activities. Perspective directions of further studies in this problematic is, in our opinion, the application of innovative instruments of economic mechanism of vocational (vocation-and-technical) training system’s development (financial autonomy of training establishments, standards in financing, etc.).