Розробка технологічних параметрів виробництва лицьової цегли на основі відходів флотаційного збагачення вугілля

Abstract

Розроблено технологічні параметри попередньої термічної підготовки високовуглецевих відходів флотації вугілля для отримання на їх основі виробів фасадної кераміки. Встановлено допустимий вміст вуглецю в керамічній масі, а також кількість глинистого компоненту, які забезпечують отримання лицьової цегли з високою механічною міцністю.

This article presents the results of research on the development of technological parameters of thermal preparation of waste coal flotation, which use as the main raw material in the manufacture of facade ceramics. The preliminary thermal treatment parameters were developed by the example of coal enrichment waste of Mospin coal processing company (Donetsk). The waste contain carbon in the amount of 23.6 wt. %. With the use of full factorial experiment the importance of factors of temperature, preparation time, and also the particle size of waste was determined. It has been established that the factor duration of the thermal preparation has the most influence on ignition loss of waste. In what follows this factor was considered in research for establishing the time required to minimization of carbon content in the waste. The research resulted in the parameters of which are recommended during the preliminary thermal preparation of thin waste coal are obtained. It has been established that the waste should grind until they are passing through a sieve number 08. The temperature of their preparation must be 500 ° C. Predetermined amount of carbon in the heat-treated waste can be achieved in the short period of time - 14 - 30 minutes. After establishing the parameters of the heat treatment the admissible carbon content in the ceramic compositions for the production facade ceramics, in which waste is used as the main component (> 60 wt.%), was investigated. The content of the clay component in the cjmpositions was varied from 10 to 40 wt. %, the carbon content - from 3 to 12 wt. %. The test samples were prepared by the method of dry pressing powders with 10 % moisture. Firing material was carried out at the temperature 1030 ° C in a laboratory muffle furnace. It has been established that on the base of preheat-treated waste coal flotation with using of dry pressing technology the facing brick with high mechanical strength can be obtained (more than M 300). In this case, to ensure the given level of water absorption products (6 - 12%), the carbon content in the ceramic compositions must be between 6 - 9 wt. % and the clay component content should not exceed 20 wt. %.