Формування науково-дослідницької компетентності майбутніх техніків-технологів легкої промисловості у процесі вивчення природничих дисциплін: констатувальний етап експерименту

Abstract

Висвітлено важливість цілеспрямованого формування науково-дослідницької компетентності у майбутніх техніків-технологів легкої промисловості у процесі вивчення дисциплін науково-природничого напряму; представлено результати педагогічно експерименту з формування науково-дослідницької компетентності студентів на констатувальному етапі за показниками мотиваційного, когнітивного, особистісного та діяльнісно-практичного критеріїв та їхній аналіз.Problem setting. In the modern world there is presently a substantial increase interest in the problem of forming scientific and research competency of future specialists. The factors that determine this include the demand of the modern labor market in competitive specialists, able to explore the information space, analyze, create, make creative decisions, develop production. For introduction of innovative approaches in the processes of production of light industry technicians-technologists must own the developed scientifically-research competence forming of which should take place yet during studies in a college. Development of scientifically-research competence of students in the training-educational process at college assists forming of proof professional orientation, motivation to cognizing zhe unknown, extends the scientific range of interests, induces scientific search. A meaningful role in forming scientific and research competency in future light industry engineer play disciplines of scientifically-natural direction is chemistry, biology and ecology, in fact professional activity of engineers of light industry connected with the elements of scientifically-natural researches. Recent research and publications analysis. Therefore, it is obvious that the problem of forming the scientific competence of future specialists of different activity profile is becoming more relevant and is actively attracting the attention of scientists. But it is worth noting that scientific sources lack the systematic studies of the development of professional competences of students studying in colleges. However, today the problems of professional development of future light industry technicians and the formation of their scientific and research competence are rarely considered by researchers, which makes this research actual, necess and importan. Paper objective. The aim of the article is to analyze the level of formation of indicators of scientific competence of future light industry technologists in the course of studying natural sciences at college at the initial stage of pedagogical experiment. Paper main body. To test the effectiveness of the introduction of a pedagogical model for the formation of scientific competence of future light industry technologists in the study of natural sciences, a pedagogical experiment was conducted at the Kharkov College of Textiles and Design, which involved 9 teachers, 2 methodologists, 182 light industry technologists. At the initial stage of the experiment, the level of development of indicators of research competence of future light industry technologists was determined, and the experimental and control groups of research corresponding to the level of development of indicators of scientific competence were formed. At the initial stage of experiment, the level of development of research competence indicators of future light industry technicians was determined. For this purpose, a set of empirical research methods was used, namely: 1) pedagogical observation method; 2) the method of questioning; 3) survey method; 4) method of pedagogical experiment; 5) method of studying student work; 6) method of generalization of independent psychological and pedagogical indicators; 7) method of psychological testing; 8) statistical methods of data processing. The obtained data made it possible to clarify the idea of the formation of research competence of future technicians-technologists at the beginning of the experiment. Motivation is the driving force behind the development of students' research competence. The analysis of indicators of the motivational criterion of research competence of future technologists allows to state that a high level of awareness of the importance of research competence for successful professional activity is observed only in 13.13% of students, the average level–in 51.55%, a low level – in 26,01% of students. Knowledge criterion indicators were examined using the survey method. College teachers and methodologists evaluated the students' work. An analysis of their academic achievement in biology, chemistry and ecology showed that 18.14% of students have a high level of knowledge in the natural sciences, average – 57.04%, low – 24.82%. This indicates that more than a third of future technologists do not understand the basic stages of the training, and therefore are not capable of quality independent implementation of laboratory and practical, individual research. Professional development is impossible without personal growth. In professional activity, a person reveals and refines character traits and acquires new traits necessary for professional growth. Therefore, it is extremely important to analyze the indicators of personal criteria (focus on cognition, focus on self-development, creativity, organization, communicativeness) that describe the traits of the researcher. Among all the features, communication was the most developed (48,93% high). For older adolescents, communication is one of the most important forms of activity; in communication with others, they get to know not only the surrounding world, but also themselves. In our opinion, this is the reason for such high rates.Highly developed creativity (31,26% high), which is also related to the age peculiarities, the need in experimenting and finding themselves. In our opinion, this focus on creativity in everyday life should also be directed at learning. The focus on cognition, the focus on self-development developed by future technicians is not enough. Only a small number of those surveyed have the level of personal development and initiative necessary for research competence. We consider them as priority activities for the development of personal traits of students. Further, in the course of the research, the level of analytical, research, calculation skills, the ability to plan and draw up a study program, the ability to present the results of the research was determined. The method of pedagogical observation and the method of studying student work were used.It is determined that, due to the lack of practical experience in carrying out research activities, there is a low level of indicators on this criterion. On the basis of four criteria, the level of scientific competence development of the future light industry technicians was determined. Conclusions of the research. Thus, according to the results of the initial stage of the experiment, almost 40% of students showed a low level of research competence and only about 16% - high, which indicates the need for further focused work to increase students' level of research competence. Experimental (207 people) and control (212 people) groups of students with uniform data distribution were formedIn the future, it is planned to introduce the developed pedagogical model of forming the scientific competence in future technicians in the course of studying natural disciplines (chemistry, biology, ecology) and to check its effectiveness.