Аналіз сучасного стану торгово-економічного співробітництва між Україною та країнами ЄС і США

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано сучасний стан торгово-економічного співробітництва між Україною та країнами ЄС та США. Визначено основні принципи функціонування ЄС і місце США та ЄС у структурі експорту України за період 2023 р., проаналізовано загальний обсяг експорту та імпорту між США та Україною. Визначено частку США та країн ЄС в інвестиціях в Україну за 2022 р., визначено частку США та країн ЄС, у фінансовій допомозі Україні, проаналізовано показники торгівлі України, ЄС та США за 2023 р.

This paper analyzes the current state of trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and the EU and the USA. The purpose of the paper is to study the current state and features of trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and the EU and the USA and develop recommendations for their improvement. Results. The basic principles of the functioning of the EU are analyzed, the place of the USA and the EU in the structure of Ukraine's exports for the period of 2023 is analyzed, the total volume of exports and imports between the USA and Ukraine. Is analyzed, the share of the USA and EU countries in investments in Ukraine for 2022 is determined, based on statistical data, the share of the USA and EU countries in financial assistance to Ukraine is determined, and the trade indicators of Ukraine, the EU and the USA for 2023 are analyzed. In conclusion, we will analyze the indicators of trade between Ukraine, the EU and the USA. The data in Table 2 show that the net trade index is negative, which indicates an excess of imports over exports in 2023 and a negative foreign trade balance of Ukraine. Therefore, we can argue that trade with the EU and the USA is not sufficiently balanced for Ukraine. The indicator of the revealed comparative advantage (using the example of grain exports) showed that the share of Ukrainian grain exports to these countries is insufficient and needs to be developed. The indicator of intra-industry trade with the EU has a positive value, which indicates increased integration between countries, with respect to the USA, this index has an insufficiently positive value, which indicates a low level of integration between countries. Conclusions. So, having studied Ukraine's trade relations with the US and the EU, we found out that these partners are key for the development of both our country's economy and foreign economic activity. It is the US and the EU countries that are the main allies in supporting our country, and cooperation with them is the basis for the development of our country.