Кафедра "Технологія кераміки, вогнетривів, скла та емалей"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7480

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/ceramic

Кафедра "Технологія кераміки, вогнетривів, скла та емалей", первісна назва – кафедра силікатів, була створена в 1926 році в складі Харківського Хіміко-технологічного інституту.

Першим завідувачем кафедри (1926 – 1941 рр.) та засновником наукової школи був вчений зі світовим ім'ям, тричі Лауреат Державних премій, Заслужений діяч науки і техніки, академік АН УССР і член-кореспондент АН СССР, доктор технічних наук, професор Петро Петрович Будніков. Підготовка спеціалістів з силікатних технологій була започаткована в 1910 році на кафедрі мінеральної сировини під керівництвом академіка Єгора Івановича Орлова.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту хімічних технологій та інженерії Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 5 докторів та 3 кандидата технічних наук; 4 співробітника мають звання професора, 3 – доцента.

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20202

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Автор: search.filters.author.Rykusova, NadegdaМістить файли: Так

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  • Ескіз
    Документ
    Optimization of floccular cleaning and drainage of thin dispersed sludges
    (Scientific Route, Estonia, 2020) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Briankin, Oleksandr; Rykusova, Nadegda; Hetta, Oksana S.; Raiko, Valentina; Tseitlin, Musii
    The efficiency of solid phase retention and dehydration of finely dispersed products of a coal processing plant and a metallur gical enterprise on the module for cleaning and dewatering sludge is investigated. A technique for selecting the operating parameters of equipment based on the determination of the strength criterion of flocs is proposed. A methodology for technological tests has been developed to control the flocculation process and optimize the flow of flocculant depending on the concentration of the solid phase. Industrial tests on the module for wastewater treatment and sludge dewatering using flocculants proved the effectiveness of the developed methodology. It is shown that the conditions for conducting tests on flocculation should correspond to the operating conditions of the circuit apparatus for cleaning and dewatering sludge. These conditions include sludge performance, sludge flow rate in the cross section of pipes and apparatuses, and the flow time from the flocculator to the centrifuge. During the testing of the Module, the solids retention efficiency of 97–99 % was achieved with the strength criteria of flocs in front of a centrifuge of 2–2.5 mm/s. The conditions for the high efficiency of the apparatus chain are the optimization of the aggregation process itself. It is revealed that for the formation of strong flocs it is necessary to regulate the concentration of the solid phase. For coal sludge, the concentration of the solid phase before the flocculant is fed must be maintained no higher than 50–60 g/l, and for gas treatment sludge – no higher than 20–25 g/l. Correction of the concentration of sludge before the flocculator is possible by diluting it with clarified water to the optimum concentration for aggregation. It is found that the moisture content of the sediment and the efficiency of the retention of the solid phase depend on the strength criterion of the flocs. Therefore, the optimization of the flocculant flow rate is possible by controlling and the residual floccule deposition rate after mechanical action in front of the dewatering equipment. The flocculant flow rate must be adjusted depending on the concentration of the solid phase in the sludge to achieve the desired criterion for the strength of the flocs.
  • Ескіз
    Документ
    Study of the properties of drill cuttings at their use as technogenic raw materials for the production of building ceramics
    (Scientific Route OÜ, Estonia, 2020) Rykusova, Nadegda; Shestopalov, Oleksii; Shchukina, Liudmyla; Briankin, Oleksandr; Galushka, Yaroslav
    The possibility of utilizing drill cuttings in the technology of building ceramics is investigated. Using the microscopic and X-ray spectral methods of analysis, the chemical and mineral composition and radiological properties of two samples of drill cuttings – waste gas drilling in the Poltava region – are determined. Using the bioindication method, it is established that the studied drill cuttings are phytotoxic and harm the environment, therefore, they need to be disposed of. According to the radioactivity, the cuttings are investigated, they belong to the materials of the 1st class, which allows using them without restrictions in the construction and production of building materials. The main ceramic-technological characteristics of the cuttings are determined. It is established that one of the cuttings in its composition is pre-burning and burning properties similar to clay rocks, the second cutting is unsintered psammite-aleuropelite material with a high content of calcium and magnesium carbonates, quartz and feldspar. The fundamental possibility of using the studied drill cuttings as the main raw material and mineral additives in the compositions of the masses to obtain wall ceramics with the necessary consumer properties is established.